بررسی پاسخ عملکرد دانه گندم (Triticum aestivum L.) به محلول‌پاشی با باکتری آزوسپیریلوم، هورمون بنزیل آمینو پورین و روی

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 4، دوره 22، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 76، دی 1403، صفحه 401-418   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jcesc.2024.86853.1309

نویسنده

محمد جواد زارع^*

گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

چکیده

بخش قابل‌توجهی از گندم تحت شرایط دیم تولید می‌شود. بنابراین، حفظ عملکرد و افزایش کیفی دانه گندم ‏تحت کشت دیم ضروری است. دو آزمایش مزرعه‌ای جهت ارزیابی تأثیر محلول‌پاشی با روی، هورمون بنزیل ‌آمینو ‌پورین و محلول‌پاشی با باکتری آزوسپیریلوم بر گندم ‏رقم سرداری تحت کشت دیم انجام گرفت. در آزمایش اول که به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی اجرا گردید، تأثیر چهار سطح روی (0، 0.2، 0.3 و 0.4 درصد) و دو سطح هورمون (0 و 10 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) بر عملکرد و محتوای روی دانه بررسی گردید. محلول‌پاشی پس از مرحله گرده‌افشانی انجام گرفت. براساس بهترین ترکیب تیماری حاصل از آزمایش اول، تأثیر کاربرد 0.3 درصد روی به‌تنهایی و یا در انواع ترکیب‌های مختلف با آزوسپیریلوم برازیلنس و بنزیل ‌آمینو ‌پورین ‏در سال زراعی 1402-1401 در آزمایشی فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی و در سه تکرار مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. تأثیر هورمون بر افزایش عملکرد فقط در سال اول انجام آزمایش معنی‌دار بود. میزان عملکرد دانه تحت کاربرد غلظت‌های 0، 0.2، 0.3 و 0.4 درصد روی به‌ترتیب 2673، 2930، ‏‏2997 و 3086 کیلوگرم دانه در هکتار بود. محلول‌پاشی با روی، محتوای روی دانه را از 23.3 (شاهد) به 27.9 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم افزایش داد. در بررسی نتایج تلفیق هورمون با روی و باکتری، بیشترین میزان عملکرد دانه از تلفیق باکتری با روی حاصل گردید. بنابراین، کاربرد باکتری و روی از طریق محلول‌پاشی جهت افزایش عملکرد و محتوای روی گندم می‌تواند مورد توجه قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

دیم‌کاری؛ عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه؛ محتوای روی دانه؛ محلول‌پاشی برگی

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