maleki, K., pourmohammadi, M. (2025). Earthquake risk assessment and physical growth of cities with a passive defense approach and using Electre and entropy models (case study: Tabriz metropolitan ). , (), -. doi: 10.22067/jgrd.2025.91104.1504
Kioumars maleki; mohammadrza pourmohammadi. "Earthquake risk assessment and physical growth of cities with a passive defense approach and using Electre and entropy models (case study: Tabriz metropolitan )". , , , 2025, -. doi: 10.22067/jgrd.2025.91104.1504
maleki, K., pourmohammadi, M. (2025). 'Earthquake risk assessment and physical growth of cities with a passive defense approach and using Electre and entropy models (case study: Tabriz metropolitan )', , (), pp. -. doi: 10.22067/jgrd.2025.91104.1504
maleki, K., pourmohammadi, M. Earthquake risk assessment and physical growth of cities with a passive defense approach and using Electre and entropy models (case study: Tabriz metropolitan ). , 2025; (): -. doi: 10.22067/jgrd.2025.91104.1504
Earthquake risk assessment and physical growth of cities with a passive defense approach and using Electre and entropy models (case study: Tabriz metropolitan )
جغرافیاوتوسعه ناحیه ای
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 12 July 2025
1Postdoctoral Researcher in Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, Tabriz University, Iran
2Professor of Geography & Urban Planning Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences , Tabriz University, Iran, Pourmohammadi@tabrizu.ac.ir
Abstract
Abstract
By studying and looking at the recorded records of past and contemporary environmental threats, especially in the issue of earthquake risk control, it becomes clear that the current crisis management cannot alone be able to deal with the destructive effects of disasters to prevent their devastating effects. It seems that the application of passive defense measures can be an effective and significant contribution to completing the defense chain. The need to pay attention to efficient urban development and the need to pay attention to new ideas of urban development and city defense planning seem very important to achieve the goals of urban defense. The present study, using a descriptive-analytical method and using library and field resources, with an emphasis on the principles of passive defense and identifying the components and indicators (analyzing nearly 50 indicators) of vulnerability and risk zoning in 4 components: natural, physical, social, and economic, and using the opinions of experts, comprehensively identifies vulnerable areas caused by earthquakes and explores them in order to reduce risk from a defense perspective. In this article, with fundamental studies on the formation and collection of expert opinions and its analysis in the form of Electra and Shannon entropy models, the required database was drawn in the ArcGIS software environment, which ultimately identified Region Two (196,507 people and 2053.26 hectares) of Tabriz metropolis as having the lowest vulnerability and Region Ten of the Municipality (187,958 people and 1044.66 hectares) had the highest vulnerability from the model output, and the growth of this city was determined to be scattered.
