بررسی کنترل‌ کننده‌ های ماگمایی، وضعیت اکسایشی و تحولات زمین‌ شیمیایی- فلززایی در تکوین کانسار مس باشماق (شمال‌ شرق هشترود)، کمان ماگمایی ارومیه- دختر

زمین شناسی اقتصادی

مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 07 آبان 1404   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/econg.2025.1144

نویسندگان

فرزانه مولایی¹؛ ابراهیم طالع فاضل^{* 2}؛ توحید یوسفی³

¹دانشگاه بوعلی سینا-دانشکده علوم پایه-گروه زمین شناسی

²گروه زمین‌ شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

³گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

کانسار مس باشماق (ذخیره قطعی 1/2 میلیون تن و متوسط عیار مس 61/0 درصد) در شمال‌غرب ایران و کمان ماگمایی ارومیه- دختر واقع‌شده است. کانه‌زایی در امتداد گسل‌های شمال‌غرب- جنوب‌شرق به‌ صورت رگه‌های کوارتز- کربنات- سولفید (کالکوپیریت)، افشان و برشی در سنگ میزبان گرانیت الیگوسن (سن 86/0±4/28 میلیون سال) و تا حدودی دایک‌های حدواسط (آندزیت پورفیری)، شکل‌گرفته است. در این پژوهش با استفاده از داده‌های زمین‌شیمی سنگ کل در واحدهای سنگی میزبان، به بررسی کنترل‌کننده‌های ماگمایی، تحولات زمین‌شیمیایی- فلززایی و بیان شاخص‌های اکسایشی ماگما پرداخته‌شده است. واحدهای آذرین مورد بررسی با ماهیت متاآلومین تا کمی پرآلومین (A/CNK = 0.8‒1.2) متعلق به سری کالک‌آلکالن هستند که شواهد گرانیت‌های سری مگنتیتی نوع I (با نسبت Fe³⁺/ΣFe بین 41/0 تا 47/0)، متناظر با پهنه‌های فرورانش حاشیه فعال قاره‌‌ای را نشان می‌دهند. الگوهای عناصر نادر خاکی سنگ میزبان، غنی‌شدگی قوی نسبتLREE/HREE  (بین 10 تا 20)، نسبت Eu/Eu* (بین 55/0 تا 71/1) همراه با نسبت بالای La_N/Yb_N (بین 5/7 تا 1/24) را نشان می‌دهد. طبق شواهد، واحدهای سنگی منطقه باشماق با مقادیر logfO₂ بین 29/13- تا 55/16- و دمای همگنی زیرکن (T_Zr) بین 660 تا 760 درجه سانتی‌گراد در محدوده بافرینگ‌های FMQ و NNO متناسب با توده­های گرانیتوئیدی مولد مس و طلا قرار گرفتند. در مجموع، با در نظر‌گرفتن ماهیت غیرآداکیتی (Sr/Y<40)، نسبت SO₂/H₂S پایین (کمتر از 1) و عمق تفریق‌یافتگی پایین (حوضه پایداری پلاژیوکلاز- پیروکسن) ماگما، تأمین عناصر فلزی در ماگمای مولد کانسار باشماق به ‌طور عمده از پوسته قاره­ای طی فرورانش حاشیه قاره صورت‌گرفته که موجب عدم رخداد تناژهای بالایی از کانی­سازی مس در منطقه شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

زمین شیمی سنگ کل؛ کانه‌زایی مس؛ گرانیتوئید نوع I؛ ماگمای غیرآداکیتی؛ کانسار باشماق

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