اثر کاربرد سطوح مختلف اسید هیومیک و اسید سالیسیلیک بر عملکرد و کیفیت دانه نخود (Cicer arietinum L.)

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 5، دوره 23، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 79، مهر 1404، صفحه 303-320   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jcesc.2024.90098.1353

نویسندگان

فرشید مظفری؛ غلامرضا حیدری^* ؛ شیوا خالص رو

گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

چکیده

با توجه به اهمیت نخود (Cicer arietinum L.)، از نظر ارزش غذایی و مساحت کشت آن در دیم‌‏زارها، این پژوهش با هدف بررسی اثر کاربرد سطوح مختلف اسید هیومیک و اسید سالیسیلیک بر عملکرد و کیفیت دانه، نخود آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در مزرعه‎ای واقع در شهرستان کرمانشاه با مختصات جغرافیایی 34.45 درجه شمالی و 46.58 درجه شرقی به­‌صورت دیم اجرا شد. عوامل آزمایش شامل محلول‏‌پاشی برگی اسید هیومیک با سه سطح صفر، سه و شش لیتر در هکتار به‌عنوان عامل اول و اسید سالیسیلک در چهار سطح صفر، 50، 100 و 150 میلی‏گرم در لیتر بودند. گیاهان در دو مرحله شروع ساقه‌ رفتن (BBCH 30) و قبل از گل‌دهی (BBCH 59) محلول‌‏پاشی شدند. عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد نخود تحت تأثیر اثر ساده محلول‌­پاشی با سالیسیلیک اسید قرار گرفتند. غلظت فسفر، روی، آهن و منگنز دانه تحت تأثیر اثر متقابل محلول­‌پاشی اسید هیومیک و سالیسیلیک اسید معنی­‌دار شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین تعداد غلاف در بوته (20.87 عدد) با کاربرد 150 میلی‏گرم در لیتر اسید سالیسیلیک به‌دست آمد. کاربرد غلظت 150 میلی‌‏گرم در لیتر اسید سالیسیلیک به‌ترتیب باعث افزایش 35.2 و 26.8 درصدی تعداد دانه در مترمربع و وزن 100 دانه نخود نسبت به شاهد آن شد. بیشترین عملکرد دانه، عملکرد زیستی و شاخص برداشت با کاربرد 150 میلی‏‌گرم در لیتر اسید سالیسیلیک به‌‌دست آمد. محلول‌‏پاشی گیاهان نخود با اسید هیومیک و اسید سالیسیلیک سبب افزایش میزان عناصر غذایی و پروتئین دانه شد و کیفیت دانه نخود را افزایش داد. به‌طور کلی، محلول‌‏پاشی اسید هیومیک با غلظت شش لیتر در هکتار و اسید سالیسیلیک با غلظت 150 میلی‏گرم در لیتر نقش مؤثرتری در افزایش غلظت عناصر، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد نخود داشت. بنابراین محلول‏‌پاشی هم‌زمان اسید هیومیک و اسید سالیسیلیک می‏‌تواند به‌عنوان راهکاری مناسب جهت افزایش عملکرد و کیفیت دانه نخود استفاده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تعداد غلاف؛ شاخص برداشت؛ عناصر غذایی؛ میزان پروتئین دانه؛ وزن 100 دانه

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