ارزیابی عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد کشت مخلوط گوار (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) و چای ترش (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) در سطوح مختلف نیتروژن

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 2، دوره 17، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 65، مهر 1404، صفحه 381-401   

نوع مقاله: علمی - پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/agry.2025.92222.1232

نویسندگان

محمدناصر مودودی^{* 1}؛ وحید شمس آبادی²؛ ابراهیم جهانگیر دهبرزویی³

¹گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، مجتمع آموزش عالی تربت جام، تربت جام، ایران

²گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، مجتمع آموزش عالی تربت جام، تربت جام، ایران

³شرکت کشاورزی و دامپروی مدبر کشت توس، خراسان رضوی، ایران

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف مقایسه الگوهای مختلف کشت مخلوط گوار (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) و چای ترش (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)، در سطوح مختلف نیتروژن در شهرستان تایباد، در سال زراعی 1400-1399 اجرا گردید. آزمایش به‌صورت کرت­های خرد‌شده در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. عامل اصلی شامل نُه نسبت کشت مخلوط یک ردیف کشت گوار + یک ردیف کشت چای ترش، دو ردیف کشت گوار + یک ردیف کشت چای ترش، سه ردیف کشت گوار + یک ردیف کشت چای ترش، یک ردیف کشت گوار + دو ردیف کشت چای ترش، یک ردیف کشت گوار + سه ردیف کشت چای ترش، دو ردیف کشت گوار + سه ردیف کشت چای ترش، سه ردیف کشت گوار + دو ردیف کشت چای ترش و کشت خالص گوار و چای ترش بود. عامل فرعی شامل کود نیتروژن بود که در سه سطح بدون مصرف و مصرف 50 و 100 درصد نیاز گوار به نیتروژن اعمال گردید. نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق بیانگر برتری معنی­دار تیمار کشت خالص گوار در شرایط تأمین 100 درصد نیاز نیتروژن در صفات تعداد غلاف در بوته (5/34 عدد) و تعداد دانه در غلاف (4/8 عدد) بود. در صفت وزن 100 دانه، برتری معنی­دار، به‌نفع تیمار سه ردیف کشت گوار + یک ردیف کشت چای ترش در شرایط تأمین 100 درصد نیاز نیتروژن (به‌میزان 33/6 گرم) تغییر کرد. در دو صفت وزن خشک اندام‌های هوایی و عملکرد دانه گوار، دو تیمار کشت خالص گوار و کشت سه ردیف گوار + کشت یک ردیف چای ترش در شرایط تأمین 100 درصد نیاز نیتروژن، برتری معنی­دار را به­خود اختصاص دادند. بررسی صفات مربوط به چای ترش نشان داد که به‌جز تیمار کشت سه ردیف گوار + کشت یک ردیف چای ترش، تمامی سطوح تیماری کشت مخلوط در شرایط تأمین 100 درصد نیاز کودی، بیشترین وزن خشک کاسبرگ را نشان دادند. امّا نتایج نسبت برابری زمین نشان داد که تنها تیماری که کشت مخلوط آن توجیه­پذیر بود، تیمار کشت یک ردیف گوار + کشت سه ردیف چای ترش، در شرایط تأمین 50 درصد نیاز کودی نیتروژن (با نسبت براری زمین 02/1) می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

الگوی کاشت؛ عملکرد دانه؛ عملکرد کاسبرگ؛ نسبت برابری زمین

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