اثر نیتروژن و گوگرد همراه با باکتری تیوباسیلوس بر عملکرد و محتوای نیترات سیر و فراهمی برخی عناصر غذایی در خاک

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 3، دوره 34، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 48، اسفند 1399، صفحه 563-576   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhorts4.v34i4.80398

نویسنده

محسن سیلسپور^*

استادیار پژوهشی بخش تحقیقات کشت گلخانه‌ای، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان تهران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ورامین، ایران

چکیده

طی یک آزمایش مزرعه­ای دو ساله، اثرات کاربرد سطوح مختلف نیتروژن از منبع اوره (صفر، 100، 200 و 300 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و گوگرد از منبع ساری­کود (صفر، 500 و 1000 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در یک خاک آهکی، بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی سیر رقم ̕همدان̔ و برخی خصوصیات شیمیایی خاک مطالعه شد. اثر نیتروژن و اثر گوگرد بر عملکرد­، تعداد سیرچه در سیر، وزن تک بوته، وزن سیرچه، ارتفاع بوته و سطح برگ معنی­دار بود و موجب ارتقای این صفات گردید. مصرف 1000 کیلوگرم در هکتار گوگرد عملکرد سیر را 31 درصد نسبت به شاهد افزایش داد. مصرف نیتروژن نیز تا سقف 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار موجب افزایش عملکرد سیر به میزان 58 درصد نسبت به شاهد شد. بیشترین عملکرد اقتصادی سیر از تیمار مصرف 1000 کیلوگرم در هکتار گوگرد و 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن به دست آمد که نسبت به تیمار شاهد، 104 درصد افزایش عملکرد داشت. کاربرد 1000 کیلوگرم گوگرد موجب کاهش واکنش خاک نسبت به تیمار شاهد گردید و موجب افزایش غلظت آهن برگ به میزان 88 درصد در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد و افزایش غلظت روی برگ به میزان 110 درصد در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد گردید. محتوای نیترات سیر با کاربرد گوگرد کاهش و با کاربرد نیتروژن افزایش معنی­دار یافت. کاربرد گوگرد به میزان 1000 کیلوگرم در هکتار محتوای نیترات سیر را 35 درصد نسبت به شاهد بطور معنی­داری کاهش داد. بر اساس نتایج به‌دست آمده از این پژوهش، برای دست­یابی به حداکثر تولید سیر با محتوای نیترات قابل قبول، مصرف 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن +1000 کیلوگرم گوگرد همراه با باکتری تیوباسیلوس توصیه می­گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آهن خاک؛ سیر؛ گوگرد؛ نیترات؛ نیتروژن

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