News

 Statistics

Number of Journals56
Number of Issues2,148
Number of Articles22,402
Article View101,294,669
PDF Download43,111,655
Jahanara, Z., Chaji, M., Khorasani, O. (2023). Using Commercial Tannin-Degrading Bacteria, or Isolated from the Rumen of some Ruminants to Improve the Nutritional Value of Pomegranate Peel. , 15(3), 299-315. doi: 10.22067/ijasr.2022.77606.1085
Zahra Jahanara; Morteza Chaji; Omid Khorasani. "Using Commercial Tannin-Degrading Bacteria, or Isolated from the Rumen of some Ruminants to Improve the Nutritional Value of Pomegranate Peel". , 15, 3, 2023, 299-315. doi: 10.22067/ijasr.2022.77606.1085
Jahanara, Z., Chaji, M., Khorasani, O. (2023). 'Using Commercial Tannin-Degrading Bacteria, or Isolated from the Rumen of some Ruminants to Improve the Nutritional Value of Pomegranate Peel', , 15(3), pp. 299-315. doi: 10.22067/ijasr.2022.77606.1085
Jahanara, Z., Chaji, M., Khorasani, O. Using Commercial Tannin-Degrading Bacteria, or Isolated from the Rumen of some Ruminants to Improve the Nutritional Value of Pomegranate Peel. , 2023; 15(3): 299-315. doi: 10.22067/ijasr.2022.77606.1085

Using Commercial Tannin-Degrading Bacteria, or Isolated from the Rumen of some Ruminants to Improve the Nutritional Value of Pomegranate Peel

پژوهشهای علوم دامی ایران
Article 1, Volume 15, Issue 3 - Serial Number 55, September 2023, Pages 299-315    PDF (1.09 M)
Document Type: Research Articles
DOI: 10.22067/ijasr.2022.77606.1085
Authors
Zahra Jahanara1; Morteza Chaji* 2; Omid Khorasani3
1Faculty of Animal Science and Food Technology, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Ahvaz, Iran
2Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan
3PhD of Animal Nutrition, Kharazmi Industrial School, of Dezful
Abstract
Introduction Pomegranate has many secondary metabolites such as tannins and phenolic compounds, which have various properties such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune system stimulating effects. The amount of tannin in pomegranate skin has been reported up to 20.6%. The limiting effects of tannins can be related to reducing the use of nutrients, especially protein, reducing growth and performance, reducing palatability and feed consumption, and reducing the activity of digestive enzymes. In addition to the anti-nutritional effects in high concentration, the positive impact of dense tannins in optimal concentration includes improving live weight gain, preventing flatulence, increasing milk production, reducing intestinal nematodes, and reducing the production of NH3-N and methane in the rumen. Therefore, the present experiment was carried out to improve the nutritional value of pomegranate peel as a tannin-containing edible material by treating it with some tannase-producing bacteria for ruminants.
Materials and methods Pomegranate peel was treated with tannin-degrading bacteria including Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter (isolated from deer rumen), Lactobacillus fermentum (isolated from Najdi goat rumen), and commercial Lactobacillus fermentum, and its nutritional value including chemical composition, digestibility, and fermentation ability alone (first experiment) or as a combination in a standard fattening lamb diet (second experiment), with two-stage digestion method and gas production test were studied. In the first experiment, five experimental treatments included 1- Pomegranate peel without treatment (control treatment), treatment 2 to 5- Pomegranate peel treated with each of the four tannin-degrading bacteria. The five treatments of the second experiment included 1- Diets containing pomegranate peel without treatment (control treatment), 2-5- Diets containing pomegranate peel treated with each of the four tannin-degrading bacteria.
Results and discussion Applying tannin-degrading bacteria reduced the tannin in pomegranate peel (P<0.05), which is caused by the tannin-degrading bacteria. In an experiment of ensiling and adding polyethylene glycol and urea to pistachio hull for tannin removal, total tannin decreased. The concentration of total tannin with the potential and rate of gas production, truly decomposed organic matter, microbial biomass production, and microbial biomass production efficiency improved in pomegranate peel treated with tannin-degrading bacteria compared to the control (P<0.05). Perhaps the reason for the decrease in gas production potential in the control treatments compared to the treatments treated with bacteria is their higher amount of tannins, because tannins and phenolic substances by forming bonds and complexes with nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, reduce the availability of microorganisms. Ruminants to them and as a result reduce their decomposition. Similar to the results of the present experiment, other studies have also shown the positive effect of tannin removal on the improvement of gas production parameters. NH3 concentration and population of protozoa of pomegranate peel treated alone and in the diet increased compared to the control (P<0.05). The reason for the increase in NH3 concentration and protozoa population after degrading the tannins with bacteria can be the presence of tannins and polyphenolic compounds in this edible material. By binding to protein and reducing the rate of protein decomposition, tannins reduce the concentration of NH3, on the other hand, these structures lead to the rupture of the protozoa cell membrane, the inactivation of enzymes, and the reduction of the substrate needed for cell metabolism. The percentage of digestibility of dry matter, NDF, and ADF of pomegranate peel processed alone and in the diet with tannin-degrading bacteria increased compared to the control (P<0.05). Due to the reduction of the tannin level by the isolates, the activity of proteolytic enzymes has probably increased, and releasing nutrients from the binding of tannin, has improved the digestibility of the materials. An increase in cell wall digestibility has been reported as a result of treatment with tannin-degrading bacteria in laboratory conditions. Gas production potential and rate, separation coefficient, microbial viable mass production, and microbial viable mass production efficiency were improved in diets containing processed pomegranate peel compared to the control (P<0.05).
Conclusion The use of tannin-degrading bacteria in the processing of pomegranate peel by reducing the tannins concentration led to an increase in the digestion and fermentation potential of pomegranate peel and diets containing pomegranate peel processed with tannins-degrading bacteria compared to the control. Therefore, considering the positive effects of processing pomegranate peel with tannins-degrading bacteria, it can be said that processing it by reducing tannins is a suitable solution to improve its nutritional value.
Keywords
Ammonia nitrogen; Chemical composition; Digestibility; Gas production; Protozoa population; Tannin-decomposing bacteria
References
  1. Abarghoyi, M., & Rouzbehan, Y. (2015). The effects of several levels of grape pomace extract on in vitro intestinal digestibility of dairy cow. Animal Sciences Journal, 28(106), 13-28.
  2. Abarghuei, M. J., Rouzbehan, Y., & Alipour, D. (2010). The influence of the grape pomace on the ruminal parameters of sheep. Livestock Science, 132, 73–7. http://dx.doi.org/1016/j.livsci.2010.05.002.
  3. Abarghuei, M. J., Rouzbehan, Y., Salem, A. Z. M., & Zamiri, M. J. (2013). Nutrient digestion, ruminal fermentation and performance of dairy cows fed pomegranate peel extract. Livestock Science, 157(2-3): 452-461. http://dx.doi.org/1016/j.livsci.2010.05.002.
  4. Abbas, S., Nada, A. A., & Mohamed, S. H. (2019). Effect of dietary pomegranate peel (Punica granatum) supplementation on productive performance and immune status of friesian dairy cows. Egyptian Journal of Nutrition and Feeds, 22(2), 75-85. http://dx.doi.org/21608/ejnf.2019.102956.
  5. Adams, L. S., Seeram, N. P., Aggarwal, B. B., Takada, Y. S. D., & Heber, D. (2006). Pomegranate juice total pomegranate ellagitannins and punicalagin suppress inflammatory cell signaling in colon cancer cells. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54, 980-985. http://dx.doi.org/1021/jf052005r.
  6. Aguilar, C. N., Rodriguez, R., Gutierrez-Sanchez, G., Augur, C., Favela-Torres, E., Prado-Barragan, L. A., & Contreras-Esquivel, J. C. (2007). Microbial tannases: advances and perspectives. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 76(1), 47-59. http://dx.doi.org/1007/s00253-007-1000-2.
  7. Ahmed, S. T., & Yang, C. J. (2017). Effects of dietary Punica granatum by-products on performance, immunity, intestinal and fecal microbiology, and odorous gas emissions from excreta in broilers. Journal of Poultry Science, 54: 157-166, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.0160116.
  8. AOAC 2012. Official Methods of Analysis. 19th ed. AOAC International, Gaithersburg, MD.
  9. Bahaaldini, R., Khajavi, M., Naghiha, R., & Prsaei, S. (2018). Bioprocessing of acorn kernel with Lactobacillus plantarum to reduce its tannin. Journal of Animal Science Research, 28(2), 1-10.‏ (In Persian).
  10. Ben Salem, H., Abidi, S., Makkar, H., & Nefzaoui, A. (2005). Wood ash treatment, a cost-effective way to deactivate tannins in Acacia cyanophylla foliage and to improve digestion by Barbarine sheep. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 122, 93-108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.04.013.
  11. Blummel, M., Steingga β H., & Becker, K. (1997). The relationship between in vitro gas production, in vitro microbial biomass yield and 15N incorporation and its implications for prediction of voluntary feed intake of roughages. British Journal of Nutrition, 77, 911-921. http://dx.doi.org/1079/BJN19970089
  12. Brodrick, G.A., & Kang, J.H. (1980). Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and total amino acids in ruminal fluid and in vitro Journal of Dairy Science, 63, 64-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(80)82888-8.
  13. Brooker, J. D., O’Donovan, L. A., Skene, I., Clarke, K., Blackall, L., & Muslera, P. (1994). Streptococcus caprinus nov., a tannin-resistant ruminal bacterium from feral goats. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 18, 313–323.
  14. Brooker, M. I. H., & Kleinig, D. A. (2006). Field Guide to Eucalyptus. Vol. 1. South-eastern Australia, Third edition. Bloomings, Melbourne, Australia, 356 p.
  15. Chaji, M., Direkvandi, E., & Salem, A. Z. (2020). Ensiling of Conocarpus erectus tree leaves with molasses, exogenous enzyme and Lactobacillus plantarum impacts on ruminal sheep biogases production and fermentation. Agroforestry Systems, 94, 1611-1623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-019-00436-x.
  16. Chaudhary, L. C., Agarwal, N., Verma, V., Rikhari, K., & Kamra, D. N. (2011). Effect of feeding tannin degrading bacteria (Isolate-6) on rumen fermentation, nutrient utilization and growth performance of goats fed on Ficus infectoria Small Ruminant Research, 99(2-3), 143-147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2011.04.011.
  17. Dehority, B. A. (2003). Rumen Microbiology.Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, UK. 372 p.
  18. Eydipour, P. (2019). The effect of Conocarpus plant treated with tannase-producing bacteria on performance, digestibility and blood and ruminal factors of Arabi sheep. M.Sc. Thesis, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Molasani-Ahvaz, Iran. 100 pp. (In Persian).
  19. Goel, G., & Makkar, H. P. (2012). Methane mitigation from ruminants using tannins and saponins. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 44(4), 729-739.‏
  20. Goel, G., Puniya, A., Aguilar, C., & Singh, K. (2005). Interaction of gut microflora with tannins in feeds. Naturwissenschaften, 92, 497-503. http://dx.doi.org/1007/s00114-005-0040-7.
  21. Hassan, Z. M., Manyelo, T. G., Selaledi, L., & Mabelebele, M. (2020). The Effects of tannins in monogastric animals with special reference to alternative feed ingredients. Molecules, 25, 4680. http://dx.doi.org/3390/molecules25204680.
  22. Hassanat, F., & Benchaar, C., (2013). Assessment of the effect of condensed (Acacia and quebracho) and hydrolysable (chestnut and valonea) tannins on rumen fermentation and methane production in vitro. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 93(2), 332-339. http://dx.doi.org/1002/jsfa.5763.
  23. Hiura, T., Hashidoko, Y., Kobayashi, Y., & Tahara, S. (2010). Effective degradation of tannic acid by immobilized rumen microbes of a sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) in winter. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 155(1), 1-8. http://dx.doi.org/1016/j.anifeedsci.2009.09.015.
  24. Huang, Q., Liu, X., Zhao, G., Hu, T., & Wang, Y. (2018). Potential and challenges of tannins as an alternative to in-feed antibiotics for farm animal production. Animal Nutrition, 4, 137-150. http://dx.doi.org/1016/j.aninu.2017.09.004.
  25. Jadhav, U., Kadu, S., Thokal, N., Padul, M., Dawkar, V., Chougale, A., Salve, A., & Patil, M. (2011). Degradation of tannic acid by cold-adapted Klebsiella sp. NACASA1 and phytotoxicity assessment of tannic acid and its degradation products. Environmental Science Pollution R, 18, 1129-1138. http://dx.doi.org/1007/s11356-011-0468-6.
  26. Khorsandi, S., Riasi, A., Khorvash, M. (2018). Evaluating chemical composition, fatty acid profiles, antioxidant activity and nutritive value of pomegranate by-product using in vitro gas production technique. Research on Animal Production, 9 (22), 12. http://dx.doi.org/29252/rap.9.22.92.
  27. Kumar, M., Beniwal, V., & Salar, R. K. (2015). Purification and characterization of a thermophilic tannase from Klebsiella pneumoniae Biocatalysis Agriculture Biotechnology, 4(4), 745-751. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.btre.2015.06.002.
  28. Lim, Y. Y., & Murtijaya, J. (2007). Antioxidant properties of Phyllanthus amarus extracts as affected by differen drying methods. LWT-Food Science and Technology. 40 (9), 1664-1669. http://dx.doi.org/1016/j.lwt.2006.12.013.
  29. Makkar, H.P.S. (2003). Effects and fate tannins in ruminant animals, adaptation to tannins, and strategies to overcome detrimental effects of feeding tannin-rich feeds. Small Ruminant Research. 49, 241-256. http://dx.doi.org/1016/S0921-4488(03)00142-1
  30. McSweeney, C. S., Palmer, B., McNeill, D. M., & Krause, D.O. (2001). Microbial interactions with tannins: nutritional consequences for ruminants. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 91, 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/1016/S0377-8401(01)00232-2.
  31. Menke, K. H., & Steingass, H. (1988). Estimation of the energetic feed value obtained from chemical analysis and gas production using rumen fluid. Animal Research Development, 28, 7–55.
  32. Min, B. R., Barry, T. N., Attwood, G. T., & Mcnabb, W. C. (2003). The effect of condensed tannins on the nutrition and health of ruminants fed fresh temperate forages: A review. Animal Feed Science and Technology,106(s1e4), 3e19. http://dx.doi.org/1016/S0377-8401(03)00041-5.
  33. Min, B. R., Hernandez, K., Pinchak, W.E., Anderson, R. C., Miller, J. E., & Valencia, E. (2015). Effects of plant tannin extracts supplementation on animal performance and gastrointestinal parasites infestation in steers grazing winter wheat. Open Journal of Animal Sciences, 5, 343-50. http://dx.doi.org/4236/ojas.2015.53038.
  34. Mirzaei-Aghsaghali, A., Maheri-Sis, N., Mansouri, H., Razeghi, M. E., Mirza-Aghazadeh, A., Cheraghi, H., & Aghajanzadeh-Golshani, A. (2011). Evaluating potential nutritive value of pomegranate processing by-products for ruminants using in vitro gas production technique. ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science, 6(6), 45-51.‏ http://dx.doi.org/10.1.1.1086.3991&rep=rep1&type=pdf
  35. Mohammadabadi, T., Gheibipour, M., Motamedi, H., Chaji, M., & Abbas, B. A. (2021). Isolation and identification of tannin-degrading bacteria from deer gut and potency for improving nutritional value of tannin rich plants. Iranian Veterinary Journal, 17(1), 65-75.‏ http://dx.doi.org/22055/IVJ.2021.257994.2322.
  36. Mokhtarpour, A., Naserian, A., Valizadeh, R., & Tahmasbi, A. (2012). Effect of polyethylene glycol and urea treated pistachio by-products silage on phenolic compounds, in vitro gas production and Holstein dairy cow’s performance. Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research, 4(1), 55-62. (In Persian). http://dx.doi.org/22067/ijasr.v4i1.13912.
  37. Molina, D. O., Pell, A. N., & Hogue, D. E. (1999). Effects of ruminal inoculations with tannin tolerant bacteria on fibre and nitrogen digestibility of lambs fed a high condensed tannic diet. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 81, 69-80. http://dx.doi.org/1016/S0377-8401(99)00083-8.
  38. Mozafarian, V. (2005). Trees and shrubs in Iran. Pages 874-877 First ed. Fahang moaser, Tehran, Iran.
  39. Naumann, H. D., Tedeschi, L. O., Zeller, W. E., & Huntley, N. F. (2017). The role of condensed tannins in ruminant animal production: advances, limitations and future directions. Revista Brasileira De Zootecnia, 46(12), 929-949. http://dx.doi.org/1590/s1806-92902017001200009.
  40. NRC. 2007. Nutrient requirements of small ruminants, sheep, goats, cervids, and camelids. Page 384. Washington, DC: National Academy of Science.
  41. Orskov, E. R., & McDonald, I. (1979). The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurements weighted according to rate of passage. Journal of Food Engineering, 80, 1-10. http://dx.doi.org/1017/S0021859600063048.
  42. Orzuna-Orzuna, J. F., Dorantes-Iturbide, G., Lara-Bueno, A., Mendoza-Martínez, G. D., Miranda-Romero, L. A., & Hernández-García, P. A. (2021). Effects of dietary tannins supplementation on growth performance, rumen fermentation, and enteric methane emissions in beef cattle: A meta-analysis sustainability, Sustainability 13(13), 7410. http://dx.doi.org/3390/su13137410.
  43. Ozgen, M., Durgac, C., Serce, S., & Kaya, C. (2008). Chemical and antioxidant properties of pomegranate cultivars Mediterranean grown in the region of Turkey. Food Chemistry, 111, 703-706. http://dx.doi.org/1016/j.foodchem.2008.04.043.
  44. Patra, A. K., & Saxena, J. (2010). A new perspective on the use of plant secondary metabolites to inhibit methanogenesis in the rumen. Phytochemistry, 71(11-12), 1198-1222.‏ http://dx.doi.org/1016/j.phytochem.2010.05.010
  45. Pell N., Woolston, T. K., Nelson, K. E., Schofield, P. (2000). Tannins: biological activity and bacterial tolerance. In: Brooker J. D. (ed) Tannins in livestock and human nutrition, Vol. 92. Pages 123–126. Proceedings of an international workshop, Adelaide, Australia, 31 May–2 June 1999.
  46. Powell, M. C., Muntifering, R. B., Lin, J. C., & Chappelka, A. H. (2003). Yield and nutritive quality of sericealespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata) and little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) exposed to ground level ozone. Environmental Pollution, 122(3), 313-322. http://dx.doi.org/1016/s0269-7491(02)00331-7.
  47. Safari, O., Farhangi, M., Yakhchali, B., & Mehraban-Sang-Atash, M. (2012). The effect of fermentation process with Lactobacillus plantarum on reducing the anti-nutritional compounds of canola protein concentrate. The Third National Conference on Agricultural Biotechnology in Iran, 1-5. (In Persian).
  48. Saha, S. S. & Ghosh, M. (2019). Comparative study of antioxidant activity of [alpha]-eleostearic acid and punicic acid against oxidative stress generated by sodium arsenite. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 47(10), 2551-2556. http://dx.doi.org/1016/j.fct.2009.07.012
  49. Setiarto, R. H. B., & Widhyastuti, N. (2016). pengaruh fermentasi bakteri asam laktat terhadap sifat fisikokimia teung gadung modifikasi (Dioscorea hispida) Effect of lactic acid bacteria fermentation for physicochemical prperties of modified yam flour (Dioscorea hispida). Journal Litbang Industri, 6(1), 61-72. http://dx.doi.org/24960/jli.v6i1.1134.61-72.
  50. Sharifi, A., & Chaji, M. (2019a). Effects of processed recycled poultry bedding with tannins extracted from pomegranate peel on the nutrient digestibility and growth performance of lambs. South African Journal of Animal Science, 49 (1), 290-300.
  51. Sharifi, A., & Chaji, M. (2019b). Effect of recycled poultry bedding treated with phenolic compounds extracted from pomegranate peel on in vitro digestion activity of rumen microbes. The Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 29(5), 1491-1500. http://www.thejaps.org.pk/.../32.pdf.
  52. Sharifi, A., Chaji, M., & Vakili, A. (2019). Effect of treating recycled poultry bedding with tannin extracted from pomegranate peel on rumen fermentation parameters and cellulolytic bacterial population in Arabian fattening lambs. Veterinary Research Forum, 10(2), 145-152. http://dx.doi.org/30466/vrf.2019.75050.2007.
  53. Sharma, D., Mal, G., Kannan, A., Bhar, R., Sharma, R., & Singh, B. (2017). Degradation of euptox A by tannase-producing rumen bacteria from migratory goats. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 123 (5), 1194-1202. http://dx.doi.org/1111/jam.13563.
  54. Taher-Maddah, M., Maheri-Sis, N., Salamatdoustnobar, R., & Ahmadzadeh, A. (2012). Estimating fermentation characteristics and nutritive value of ensiled and dried pomegranate seeds for ruminants using in vitro gas production technique. Open Veterinary Journal, 2(1), 40-45.
  55. Tahmourespour, A., Tabatabaei, N., Khalkhali, H., & Amini, I. (2016). Tannic acid degradation by Klebsiella strains isolated from goat feces. Iranian Journal of Microbiology, 8, 14. http://dx.doi.org/22108/BJM.2017.21146.
  56. Tan, H. Y., Sieo, C. C., Abdullah, N., Liang, J. B., Huang, X. D., & Ho, Y. W. (2011). Effects of condensed tannins from Leucaena on methane production, rumen fermentation and populations of methanogens and protozoa in vitro. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 169(3-4), 185-193.‏ http://dx.doi.org/1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.07.004.
  57. Tilley, J. M. A., & Terry, R. A. (1963). A two‐stage technique for the in vitro digestion of forage crops. Grass and Forage Science, 18(2), 104-111. http://dx.doi.org/1111/j.1365-2494.1963.tb00335.x.
  58. Van Soest, P. J., Roberson, J. B. & Lewis, B. A. (1991). Methods of dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74(10), 3583-3597. http://dx.doi.org/3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2.
  59. Yanez Ruiz, D. R., Moumen, A., Martin Garcia, A. I., Molina Alcaide, E. (2004). Ruminal fermentation and degradation patterns, protozoa population, and urinary purine derivatives excretion in goats and wethers fed diets based on two-stage olive cake: effect of PEG supply. Journal of Animal Science, 82, 2023–2032. http://dx.doi.org/2527/2004.8272023x.
  60. Yarahmadi, B., Chaji, M., Boujarpour, M., Mirzadeh, K., & Rezaei, M. (2017). Effects of sainfoin tannin treated by water or urea on microbial population, gas production parameters, digestibility and in vitroIranian Veterinary Journal, 13(3), 97-114.‏ (In Persian). http://dx.doi.org/10.22055/IVJ.2017.42664.1625.
Statistics
Article View: 4,249
PDF Download: 1,586


Journal Management System. Powered by Sinaweb