News

 Statistics

Number of Journals56
Number of Issues2,146
Number of Articles22,172
Article View97,227,914
PDF Download34,880,327
Tahami, Z., Dastar, B., Oskoueian, E., Hashemi, S. (2023). Comparison of Organic and Mineral Selenium on Performance, Microbial Population, Intestinal Histopathologhy and Cecum Acidity of Laying Hens. , 15(2), 185-197. doi: 10.22067/ijasr.2022.78197.1096
Zahra Tahami; Behrouz Dastar; Ehsan Oskoueian; Seyed reza Hashemi. "Comparison of Organic and Mineral Selenium on Performance, Microbial Population, Intestinal Histopathologhy and Cecum Acidity of Laying Hens". , 15, 2, 2023, 185-197. doi: 10.22067/ijasr.2022.78197.1096
Tahami, Z., Dastar, B., Oskoueian, E., Hashemi, S. (2023). 'Comparison of Organic and Mineral Selenium on Performance, Microbial Population, Intestinal Histopathologhy and Cecum Acidity of Laying Hens', , 15(2), pp. 185-197. doi: 10.22067/ijasr.2022.78197.1096
Tahami, Z., Dastar, B., Oskoueian, E., Hashemi, S. Comparison of Organic and Mineral Selenium on Performance, Microbial Population, Intestinal Histopathologhy and Cecum Acidity of Laying Hens. , 2023; 15(2): 185-197. doi: 10.22067/ijasr.2022.78197.1096

Comparison of Organic and Mineral Selenium on Performance, Microbial Population, Intestinal Histopathologhy and Cecum Acidity of Laying Hens

پژوهشهای علوم دامی ایران
Article 4, Volume 15, Issue 2 - Serial Number 54, June 2023, Pages 185-197    PDF (710.1 K)
Document Type: Research Articles
DOI: 10.22067/ijasr.2022.78197.1096
Authors
Zahra Tahami1; Behrouz Dastar* 2; Ehsan Oskoueian3; Seyed reza Hashemi4
1Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
2Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Mashhad, Iran
4Department of Animal and Poultry Genetics, Breeding and Physiology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
Abstract
Introduction:[1]Selenium is an essential mineral for many metabolic functions of the body, including the activation of enzymes and the optimal biochemical and physiological function of birds (Antongiovanni et al., 2007). Selenium protects cell membranes from oxidative damage and can therefore improve nutrient efficiency (Arner et al., 2012). The small intestine is the most important part in the digestion and absorption of nutrients, while the large intestine and intestinal tract are very important areas for the accumulation of microbes (Chitra et al., 2013). Gastrointestinal health is one of the most important and effective factors in bird function. Gastrointestinal microbial population affects the nutrition and health of various animal species, including poultry. These microorganisms need trace elements such as selenium to perform their normal metabolic functions. Selenium may affect bacterial cells by disrupting the respiratory chain (Pappas et al., 2005). In addition to improving the quality and composition of intestinal microflora, selenium can have a positive effect on the morphology of the intestine as an antioxidant (Haghighi-khoshkhoo et al., 2010). Despite these benefits, the effect of selenium on intestinal microbial population is largely unknown, so the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different levels of organic and inorganic selenium in the diet on microbial population, intestinal morphology and intestinal acidity in laying hens.
Materials and Methods:The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 300 laying hens of high-line strains from 23 to 35 weeks of age with 5 treatments, 6 replications and 10 hens per replication. Experimental treatments include 1- Base diet (without selenium), 2- Base diet + 0.5 mg/kg sodium-selenite, 3- Base diet + mg/kg 1 selenite-sodium, 4- Base diet + mg/kg 0.5 selenium-methionine, 5-base diet + 1 mg/kg selenium-methionine. At the end of the experiment, two birds were randomly selected from each replicate; To evaluate the microbial population, a sample of the contents of the cecum on the culture medium was used (1). Tissue samples were prepared and then measured using a microscope, villi length, villi width, crypt depth, and number of goblet cells (9). To measure acidity, samples were taken from the contents of the cecum, and acidity was measured by a pH meter.
Results and Discussion: The results indicate that consuming 1 mg/kg of selenium-methionine increased the villi area compared to the control treatment. The experimental treatments did not affect villi length, villi width, crypt depth, number of goblet cells, and the ratio of villus length to crypt depth. The consumption of 1 mg/kg of selenium-methionine significantly decreased the population of Salmonella and increased the population of Lactobacillus in the cecal compared to other experimental treatments. The consumption of 0.5 and 1 mg/kg of selenium-methionine caused a significant decrease in the population of aerobic bacteria compared to the control treatment. The acidity of cecal contents in the treatment containing 1 mg/kg of selenium-methionine was significantly reduced compared to the control treatment. Several studies (Langhout et al., 1999, Lukaszewicz et al., 2011, Pappas et al., 2005) have reported that using organic sources of selenium reduces the coliform population. In mice, dogs, and laying hens, selenium intake has been shown to increase the number of Lactobacillus and decrease Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in the cecum (Langhout et al., 1999, Lukaszewicz et al., 2011, Pappas et al., 2005). Increasing the population of beneficial bacteria due to the provision of sufficient selenium for their synthesis is also an antioxidant property of selenium in preserving the life of these bacteria. It appears that beneficial bacteria, such as Lactobacillus, can competitively eliminate harmful bacteria such as Escherichia coli in the gut (Lukaszewicz et al., 2011). An increase in the number of pathogenic bacteria in the intestine causes the villi to shorten and the lining to shrink (Attia et al., 2010).Numerous studies demonstrate that the consumption of diets containing selenium compounds has destructive effects on harmful intestinal bacteria (Chantiratikul et al., 2008, Hashemi et al., 2012, Heindl et al., 2010, Horn et al., 2009, Langhout et al., 1999). Adding organic selenium to the diet of broilers increases the weight of the intestines due to the growth of villi and intestinal lamina propria (Haghighi-khoshkhoo et al., 2010, Heindl et al., 2010). The lack of selenium consumption on morphology can be attributed to the levels of selenium used, as well as the bird's lack of stress. Selenium can exert its effect more effectively under stress conditions. Most harmful bacteria grow in an environment with acidity close to 7 or slightly higher, while beneficial bacteria multiply in an acidic environment and compete with pathogenic bacteria (Cooke et al. 1973). An increase in acidity leads to a decrease in Escherichia coli and Salmonella in the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, the consumption of organic sources of selenium reduces the population of pathogenic microorganisms (aerobic bacteria, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella) and increases the population of Lactobacillus competitively, followed by an increase in gastrointestinal acidity. This improvement may lead to an increase in digestion, absorption, and performance (Kasaikina et al., 2011).
Conclusion:  According to the results of this study, it can be said that consuming organic sources of selenium (levels of one and 0.5 mg of selenium-methionine per kg of feed) significantly reduces the population of harmful aerobic bacteria, bacteria. Salmonella and Escherichia coli and cause a competitive increase in the beneficial population of Lactobacillus; The consequence of this operation is to increase the acidity of the cecum and reduce the damage and microbial destruction to the intestinal tissue, and therefore with positive changes in the morphology of the small intestine will lead to improved bird function.
Keywords
Intestinal morphology; Laying hens; Microbial population
References
  1. Ahmadi, M., Ahmadian, A., Poorghasemi, M., Makovicky, P., & Seidavi, A. (2019). Nano-Selenium affects on duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon characteristics in chicks: An animal model. International Journal of Nano Dimension, 10(2), 225-229.
  2. Antongiovanni, M., Buccioni, A., Petacchi, P., Leeson, S., Minieri, S., Martini, A., & Cecchi, R. (2007). Butyric acid glycerides in the diet of broiler chickens: Effects on gut histology and carcass composition. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 6(1),9-25. DOI: 4081/ijas.2007.19
  3. Arner, E. S. J. (2012). History of selenium research. Journal of Food Science, 58, 1-19.
  4. Attia, Y. , Abdalah, A. A., Zeweil, H. S., Bovera, F., Tag El-Din, A. A., & Araft, M. A. (2010). Effect of inorganic or organic selenium supplementation on productive performance, egg quality and some physiological traits of dual-purpose breeding hens. Czech Journal of Animal Science. 55(11): 505-519.
  5. Chantiratikul, A., Chinrasri, O., & Chantiratikul, P. (2008). Effect of sodium selenite and zinc-L-selenomethionine on performance and selenium concentrations in eggs of laying hens. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 21(7), 1048-1052.
  6. Chitra P., Edwin, S. C. & Moorthy, M. (2013). Effect of dietary vitamin E and selenium supplementation on Japanese quail broilers. Indian Journal of Veterinary and Animal Science Research, 43(3): 195-205.
  7. Cooke, R. H. & Bird. F. H. (1973). Duodenal villus area and epithelial cellular migration in conventional and germ-free chicks. Poultry Science, 52(6), 2276-2280.
  8. Dhingra, S. &Bansal, M. P. (2006). Attenuation of LDL receptor gene expression by selenium deficiency during Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 282(1), 75-82.DOI: 10.1007/s11010-006-1266-1.
  9. H. (2007). Intestinal ecology: Interactions between nutrition, gastrointestinal tract and microbial population. Chakawk, 16(3), 51-69. (In Persian).
  10. D. J. (1974). The effect of microflora on gastrointestinal pH in the chick. British Poultry Science, 15(1), 131-140. DOI: 10.1080/00071667408416086
  11. Garcia, V., Catala-Gregori, P. Hernandez, , Megias, M. D. & Madrid, J. 2007. Effect of formic acid and plant extracts on growth, nutrient digestibility, intestine mucosa morphology and meat yield of broilers. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 16(4), 555-562. DOI: 10.3382/japr.2006-00116
  12. Ghiasi Ghalehkandi, J., Valil, M. R., Ebrahimnazhad, Y., Salamatdoust Nobar, R., Karamouz, H. & Nazeri, M. (2011). Effect of different levels of perlite on performance of broiler chicks. Advances in Environmental Biology. 5(4), 776-779.
  13. Haghighi-khoshkhoo, P., Akbari-Azad, G., Moayer, F., & Pajohandeh, A. H. (2010). The effect of butyrate oral additive on breeding efficiency and small intestine morphology in broilers. Journal of Veterinary Clinical Research, 1(4), 242-235. (In Persian).
  14. Hashemi, S. R., Zulkifli, I., Davoodi, H., Zunita, Z., & Ebrahimi, M. (2012). Growth performance, intestinal microflora, plasma fatty acid profile in broiler chickens fed herbal plant (Euphorbia hirta) and mix of acidifiers. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 178 (4), 167-174. DOI: 1016/j.anifeedsci.2012.09.006
  15. Hattori, M., & Taylor, T. D. (2009). The human intestinal microbiome: A new frontier of human biology. DNA Research, 16(1), 1-12. DOI: 10.1093/dnares/dsn033
  16. Heindl, J., Ledvinka, Z., Tumova, E., & Zita, L. (2010). The importance, utilization and sources of selenium for poultry: A review. Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica. 41(1), 55-64.
  17. Holovsk, J. R., K. Holovsk, K. V., Boldiz, S., Cekonov, O. V., Len, M. Levkut, Javorsk, P., & Leng, L. (2003). Antioxidant enzyme activity in liver tissue of chickens fed diets supplemented with various forms and amounts of selenium. Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences. 12(1), 143-152. DOI: 22358/jafs/67691/2003
  18. Horn, N. L., Donkin, S. S., Applegate, T. J., & Adeola, O. (2009). Intestinal mucin dynamics: Response of broiler chicks and White Pekin ducklings to dietary threonine. Poultry Science, 88(9): 1906-1914. DOI: 3382/ps.2009-00009
  19. Jiakui, L. & Xiaolong, W. (2004). Effect of dietary organic versus inorganic selenium in laying hens on the productivity, selenium distribution in egg and selenium content in blood, liver and kidney. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology. 18(1): 65-68. DOI: 1016/j.jtemb.2004.04.002
  20. Kasaikina M. V., Kravtsova, M. A., Lee, B. C., Seravalli, J., Peterson, D. A., Walter, J., Legge, R., Benson, A., Hatfield, D. L., & Gladyshev, V. N. (2011). Dietary selenium affects hostselenoproteome expression byinfluencing the gut Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Journal, 25(7): 2492-2499. DOI: 10.1096/fj.11-181990
  21. Koyancu, M., & Yerlikaya, H. (2007). Effect of selenium vitamin E injections of ewes on reproduction and growth of their quail broilers. South African Journal of Animal Science. 37(3): 233-236.
  22. Langhout, D. J., Schutte, J. B., Van Leeuwen, P., Wiebenga, J., & Tamminga, S. (1999). Effect of dietary high and low methylated citrus pectin on the activity of the ileal microflora and morphology of the small intestinal wall of broiler chickens. British Poultry Science. 40(3): 340-347. DOI: 10.1080/00071669987421
  23. Liu, Z., Qu, Y., Wang,J., & Wu, R. (2016). Selenium deficiency attenuates chicken duodenal mucosal immunity via activation of the NF-b signaling pathway. Biological Trace Element Research. 172(2): 465-473. DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0589-8
  24. Lukaszewicz, E., Kowalczyk, K., & Jerysz, A. (2011). The effect of sex and feed supplementation with organic selenium and vitamin E on the growth rate and zoometrical body measurements of oat-fattened White Koluda geese. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 35(6): 435-442. DOI: 3906/vet-1008-420
  25. Marina, V., Kasaikina, M. A., Kravtsova, B. L., Javier, S., Daniel, A., Peterson, J. W., Ryan- Ledge, A. K., Benson, D. H., & Vadim, N. J. (2011). Dietary selenium effects host selenoproteome expression by influencing the gut microbiota. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Journal, 25(7): 2492–2499. DOI: 1096/fj.11-181990
  26. Mehrbakhsh-Bandari, M. A., Asadpour, L., & Poorhamad, A. (2017). Antibacterial effect of selenium and selenium-ampicillin nanoparticles on clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Iranian Journal of Medical Microbiology, 11(6):184-191. (In Persian).
  27. Pappas, A. C., Acamovic, T., Sparks, N. H. C., Surai, P. F., & Devitt, R. M. (2005). Effects of supplementing broiler breeder diets with organic selenium and polyunsaturated fatty acids on egg quality during storage. Poultry Science, 84(6): 865-874. DOI: 10.1093/ps/84.6.865
  28. Payne, R. L., Lavergne, T. K., & Southern, L. L. (2005). Effect of inorganic versus organic selenium on hen production and egg selenium concentration. Poultry Science. 84(2): 232-237. DOI: 10.1093/ps/84.2.232
  29. Read-Snyder, J., Edens, F. W., Cantor, A. H., Pes­catore, A. J., & Pierce, J. L. (2009). Effect of di­etary selenium on small intestine villus in­tegrity in reovirus-challenged broilers. International Journal of Poultry Science. 8(9): 829-835. DOI: 3923/ijps.2009.829.835
  30. Samik, K. P., Gobinda, H., Manas, K. M., & Gautam, S. (2007). Effect of organic acid salt on the performance and gut health of broiler chicken. Poultry Science, 44: 389-395. DOI: org/10.2141/jpsa.44.389
  31. SAS .2013. The SAS System for Windows, Release 9.4. Statistical Analysis Systems Institute, Cary, NC, 556 p.
  32. Scheideler, S., Weber, P., & Monsalve, D. (2010). Supplemental vitamin E and selenium effects on egg production, egg quality, and egg deposition of α-tocopherol and selenium. Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 19(4): 354-360. DOI: 3382/japr.2010-00198
  33. Shabani, R., Fakhraei, G., Mansouri-Yarahmadi, H., & Seydavi, A. (2019). Effect of different sources of selenium supplement on yield, carcass characteristics, ileum bacterial population, blood parameters, liver enzymes, hormonal activity and antioxidant activity of blood plasma in broilers. Journal of Animal Environment, 12(3):85-97. (In Persian).
  34. Sohirat Torfy, M., Mirzadeh, K. H., Tabatabaei, M.,  Vakili, S., & Chabi, M. 2016. Effects of different levels of water-soluble nanosellenium on yield, bacterial ileum population, macroscopic characteristics, some blood biochemical parameters and litter quality in broilers. Journal of Animal Science Research, 26(4):32-47. (In Persian).
  35. Tong, C., Peng, L., Li-Hui, Y., Lin, L., Kang, L., & Yueli, C. (2020). Selenium-rich yeast attenuates ochratoxin A-induced small intestinal injury in broiler chickens by activating the Nrf2 pathway and inhibiting NF-KB activation. Journal of Functional Foods, 12(14): 6150-16158. DOI: 1016/j.jff.2020.103784
  36. Utterback, P. L., Parsons, C. M., Yoon, I., & Butler, J. (2005). Effect of supplementing selenium yeast in diets of laying hens on egg selenium content. Poultry Science, 84(12): 1900-1901. DOI: 1093/ps/84.12.1900
  37. Wang, B., Wang, G. E., Yue, W. B., Zhang, M. A., & Shi, X. P. (2011). Effects of different selenium sources on production performance, slaughter performance, meat quality, immune and antioxidant in the early goose. Journal Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 95 (4): 440-8
  38. Yamauchi, K., Buwjoom, T., Koge, K., & Ebashi, T. (2006). Histological intestinal recovery in chickens refed dietary sugar cane extract. Poultry Science. 85(4): 645-651. DOI: 1093/ps/85.4.645
  39. Yang, J., Huang, K., Qin, S., Wu, X., Zhao, Z., & Chen, F. (2009). Antibacterial action of selenium-enriched probiotics against pathogenic Escherichia coli. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 54(2): 246-254.
  40. Ying, Q., Wang, Z., & Cai, S. (2009). Study on the effects of different selenium sources on production performance of broilers. Henan Agricultural University. p. 831.
  41. Yousefi, M., Qabel, M. R., Ghaziani-Shad, A., & Pourhamad, A. (2017). The effect of organic and inorganic selenium supplementation on performance, reproduction, some blood parameters and immune system of broilers. Research and Construction, 2:12-19. (In Persian).
  42. Zamani-Moghaddam, A. K., Mehraei-Hamzekolaei, M. H., Khajali, F. & Hassanpour, H. (2017). Role of selenium from different sources in prevention of pulmonary arterial hypertension syndrome in broiler chickens. Biological Trace Element Research. 180(1): 164-170. DOI: 1007/s12011-017-0993-3
  43. Zhihua, R., Zhiping, Z., Yangquan,W., & Kehe, H. (2011). Preparation of selenium/zinc-enriched probiotics and their effect on blood selenium and zinc concentrations, antioxidant capacities and intestinal micro flora in canine. Biological Trace Element Research, 141(1): 170-183. DOI: 1007/s12011-010-8734-x

 

 

Statistics
Article View: 2,679
PDF Download: 1,356


Journal Management System. Powered by Sinaweb