News

 Statistics

Number of Journals56
Number of Issues2,157
Number of Articles22,499
Article View104,224,524
PDF Download50,128,270
Dideban, Y., kazemi fard, M., Rezaei, M., Mehraban, P. (2023). Evaluation of the Use of Fermented Sunflower Meal in the Diet on Growth Performance, Ileum Microbial Population and Blood Indices in Broiler Chickens. , 15(2), 255-269. doi: 10.22067/ijasr.2022.76845.1078
Yousef Dideban; mohammad kazemi fard; Mansour Rezaei; Pooyan Mehraban. "Evaluation of the Use of Fermented Sunflower Meal in the Diet on Growth Performance, Ileum Microbial Population and Blood Indices in Broiler Chickens". , 15, 2, 2023, 255-269. doi: 10.22067/ijasr.2022.76845.1078
Dideban, Y., kazemi fard, M., Rezaei, M., Mehraban, P. (2023). 'Evaluation of the Use of Fermented Sunflower Meal in the Diet on Growth Performance, Ileum Microbial Population and Blood Indices in Broiler Chickens', , 15(2), pp. 255-269. doi: 10.22067/ijasr.2022.76845.1078
Dideban, Y., kazemi fard, M., Rezaei, M., Mehraban, P. Evaluation of the Use of Fermented Sunflower Meal in the Diet on Growth Performance, Ileum Microbial Population and Blood Indices in Broiler Chickens. , 2023; 15(2): 255-269. doi: 10.22067/ijasr.2022.76845.1078

Evaluation of the Use of Fermented Sunflower Meal in the Diet on Growth Performance, Ileum Microbial Population and Blood Indices in Broiler Chickens

پژوهشهای علوم دامی ایران
Article 9, Volume 15, Issue 2 - Serial Number 54, June 2023, Pages 255-269    PDF (1.48 M)
Document Type: Research Articles
DOI: 10.22067/ijasr.2022.76845.1078
Authors
Yousef Dideban1; mohammad kazemi fard* 1; Mansour Rezaei1; Pooyan Mehraban2
1Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Fisheries, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Sciences University (SANRU), Sari, Iran
2Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Fisheries, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Sciences University (SANRU), Sari, Iran.
Abstract
Introduction[1]: Sunflower meal is considered as an attractive alternative to soybean meal due to its adaptation to dry and temperate climates as well as its lower anti-nutrient content than other oilseeds. Sunflower meal has a limiter that restricts its use in broiler diets. The fiber in sunflower meal has limited its use in the diet of broilers due to reduced metabolic energy as well as production. Fermentation, which uses beneficial microorganisms, can reduce the chemical composition of the feed and increase the yield of broilers by producing enzymes and using fiber as a feed source. In this study, in order to investigate the effect of fermentation on sunflower meal, growth yield, microbial population composition, blood parameters in broiler chickens were performed.
Materials and methods: The research was conducted at the research farm of Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources in 2020. In this study, 200 commercial male Ross 308 broilers were used in a completely randomized design with five treatments, five replications, and eight chickens per replication. The treatments included: 1) Control diet, 2) Diet containing sunflower meal (negative control), 3) Diet containing sunflower meal fermented with Aspergillus Oryzae, 4) Diet containing sunflower meal fermented with Penicillium Funiculosum, and 5) Diet containing sunflower meal fermented with Aspergillus Oryzae and Penicillium Funiculosum. Sunflower meal was obtained from Behpak Behshahr (Mazandaran) company, ground in the animal nutrition laboratory of Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, and sieved to a size of 2 mm. Aspergillus Oryzae (PTCC5010) and Penicillium Funiculosum (PTCC5301) were purchased as lyophilized vials from the Fungus and Bacteria Collection Center of the Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST). During the fermentation process, 1.1 liters of the mixture of distilled water and primer culture (containing at least 105 colony forming units per ml) was added to each kilogram of sunflower meal, and the resulting mixture was thoroughly mixed by hand for 15 minutes. The mixture was fermented in special tanks (with a one-way valve to remove the produced gases and prevent air from entering) for 7 days at 30 °C, and finally, the fermented sunflower meal was dried for three days at room temperature. All chickens were kept under the same breeding conditions during the 39-day period and had free access to feed. Experimental diets were adjusted to three periods: initial (1-10 days), growth (11-24), and final (25-39) using Table 1 of the Ross 308 Catalog of Nutritional Requirements for Broilers. The pH of fermented sunflower meal was determined using the Chiang et al. method. Sunflower meal was sampled before and after fermentation to measure dry matter, ash, crude protein by the Kjeldahl method, crude fat by Soxhlet device, and insoluble fibers in acidic detergent and neutral detergent using a fibrotec device. Total amino acid was measured by the ninhydrin method. Soluble sugar was measured by the intron method. Total phenol content was measured using the Folin-Siocalcu reagent and spectrophotometry. Soluble proteins were measured by the Bradford method.
Results and discussion: During the fermentation of sunflower meal, pH, crude fat, soluble protein and soluble sugar decreased. The amount of crude protein, total amino acid, insoluble fiber in acidic detergent, and insoluble fiber in neutral detergent increased. In the whole breeding period, body weight gain was improved in treatments fed with fermented feed. In the treatment of Aspergillus­ Oryza + Penicillium funiculosum, feed consumption decreased compared to control, negative control and Penicillium funiculosum treatments. The feed conversion ratio increased in the negative control treatment at the age of 1-39 days compared to other treatments. In the ileum, coliform bacteria decreased in negative control treatments, Aspergillus Oryzae, Aspergillus Oryzae + Penicillium funiculosum compared to the control treatment, but Penicillium funiculosum treatment increased compared to other treatments. At 39 days of age, the use of fermented and raw feed increased the level of HDL-c in the negative control and Aspergillus Oryzae + Penicillium funiculosum treatments. The amount of LDL-c increased in the treatments of Aspergillus Oryzae and Penicillium funiculosum
Conclusion: Based on the results, the use of fermented feed in the feeding of broiler chickens during the entire breeding period has improved weight gain and feed conversion ratio.
Keywords
Aspergillus Oryzae; Feed conversion ratio; Weight Gain; Penicillium Funiculosum; Total amino acid
References
  1. Adebo, O. A., & Gabriela Medina-Meza, I. (2020). Impact of fermentation on the phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of whole cereal grains: A mini review. Molecules, 25(4),927. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25040927
  2. Alagawany, M., Attia, A.I., Ibrahim, Z.A., Mahmoud, R.A., & El-Sayed, S.A. (2017). The effectiveness of dietary sunflower meal and exogenous enzyme on growth, digestive enzymes, carcass traits, and blood chemistry of broilers. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24(13),12319-12327. http://dx.doi.org/1007/s11356-017-8934-4
  3. Alagawany, M., Farag, M. R., Abd El-Hack, M. E., & Dhama, K. (2015). The practical application of sunflower meal in poultry nutrition. Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 3(12), 634-648. http://dx.doi.org/10.14737/journal.aavs/2015/3.12.634.648
  4. Aljubori, A., Idrus, Z., Soleimani, A. F., Abdullah, N., & Juan Boo, L. (2017). Response of broiler chickens to dietary inclusion of fermented canola meal under heat stress condition. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 16(4), 546-551. https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2017.1292830
  5. Altop, A., Güngör, E., & Erener, G. (2018). Aspergillus niger may improve nutritional quality of grape seed and its usability in animal nutrition through solid-state fermentation. International Advanced Researches and Engineering Journal, 2(3), 273-277.
  6. Ashayerizadeh, A., Dastar, B., Shargh, M. S., Mahoonak, A. S., & Zerehdaran, S. (2018). Effects of feeding fermented rapeseed meal on growth performance, gastrointestinal microflora population, blood metabolites, meat quality, and lipid metabolism in broiler chickens. Livestock Science, 216, 183-190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2018.08.012
  7. Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC)., )2000(. Official Method of Analysis of AOAC International 17th ed.
  8. Beauvais, A., Fontaine, T., Aimanianda, V., & Latgé, J. P. (2014). Aspergillus cell wall and biofilm. Mycopathologia, 178, 371-377. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-014-9766-0
  9. Boroojeni, F. G., Senz, M., Kozłowski, K., Boros, D., Wisniewska, M., Rose, D., Manner, k., & Zentek, J. (2017). The effects of fermentation and enzymatic treatment of pea on nutrient digestibility and growth performance of broilers. Animal, 11(10), 1698-1707. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731117000787
  10. Bradford, M. M. (1976). A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72(1-2), 248-254. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-014-9766-0
  11. Cao, F. L., Zhang, X. H., Yu, W. W., Zhao, L. G., & Wang, T. (2012). Effect of feeding fermented Ginkgo biloba leaves on growth performance, meat quality, and lipid metabolism in broilers. Poultry Science, 91(5), 1210-1221. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2011-01886
  12. Chachaj, R., Sembratowicz, I., Krauze, M., Stępniowska, A., Rusinek-Prystupa, E., Czech, A., ... & Ognik, K. (2019). The effect of fermented soybean meal on performance, biochemical and immunological blood parameters in turkeys. Annals of Animal Science, 19(4), 1035-1049. https://doi.org/ 10.2478/aoas-2019-0040
  13. Chiang, G., Lu, W. Q., Piao, X. S., Hu, J. K., Gong, L. M., & Thacker, P. A. (2009). Effects of feeding solid-state fermented rapeseed meal on performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal ecology and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 23(2), 263-271.
  14. De Araújo, W. A. G., Albino, L. F. T., Rostagno, H. S., Hannas, M. I., Pessoa, G. B. S., Messias, R. K. G., ... & Ribeiro Jr, V. (2014). Sunflower meal and enzyme supplementation of the diet of 21-to 42-d-old broilers. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 16, 17-24. https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-635x160217-24
  15. Drażbo, A., Ognik, K., Zaworska, A., Ferenc, K., & Jankowski, J. (2018). The effect of raw and fermented rapeseed cake on the metabolic parameters, immune status, and intestinal morphology of turkeys. Poultry Science, 97(11), 3910-3920. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pey250
  16. Düsterhöft, E. M., Posthumus, M. A., & Voragen, A. G. J. (1992). Non‐starch polysaccharides from sunflower (Helianthus annuus) meal and palm‐kernel (Elaeis guineensis) meal—investigation of the structure of major polysaccharides. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 59(2), 151-160. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740590204
  17.  Engberg, R. M., Hammersh⊘ J, M., Johansen, N. F., Abousekken, M. S., Steenfeldt, S., & Jensen, B. B. (2009). Fermented feed for laying hens: effects on egg production, egg quality, plumage condition and composition and activity of the intestinal microflora. British Poultry Science, 50(2), 228-239. https://doi.org/10.1080/0007166090273672 
  18. Falah, M., Dastar, B., Ganji, F., & Ashayerizadeh, A. (2016). Effects of fermented soybean meal and dietary protein level on performance and gasterointestinal microbial population in broiler chickens. Animal Sciences Journal, 28(109), 53-66.( In Persian )
  19. Fazhi, X., Lvmu, L., Jiaping, X., Kun, Q., Zhide, Z., & Zhangyi, L. (2011). Effects of fermented rapeseed meal on growth performance and serum parameters in ducks. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 24(5), 678-684.
  20. Gomi, K., (2014). Aspergillus oryzae. Encyclopedia of food microbiology, 92-96.
  21. Gungor, E., Altop, A., & Erener, G. (2021). Effect of raw and fermented grape pomace on the growth performance, antioxidant status, intestinal morphology, and selected bacterial species in broiler chicks. Animals, 11(2), 364.  https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11020364
  22. Hassaan, M. S., Soltan, M. A., Mohammady, E. Y., Elashry, M. A., El-Haroun, E. R., & Davies, S. J. (2018). Growth and physiological responses of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus fed dietary fermented sunflower meal inoculated with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis. Aquaculture, 495, 592-601. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11020364
  23. Hosseini, S. J., Kermanshahi, H., Nassirimoghaddam, H., Nabipour, A., Mirakzeh, M. T., Saleh, H., & Kazemifard, M. (2016). Effects of 1.25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and hydroalcoholic extract of Withania coagulans fruit on bone mineralization and mechanical and histological properties of male broiler chickens. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 18, 73-86. https://doi.org/10.1590/18069061-2015-0016 
  24. Hu, Y., Wang, Y., Li, A., Wang, Z., Zhang, X., Yun, T., ... & Yin, Y. (2016). Effects of fermented rapeseed meal on antioxidant functions, serum biochemical parameters and intestinal morphology in broilers. Food and Agricultural Immunology, 27(2), 182-193. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540105.2015.1079592
  25. Jazi, V., Boldaji, F., Dastar, B., Hashemi, S. R., & Ashayerizadeh, A. (2017). Effects of fermented cottonseed meal on the growth performance, gastrointestinal microflora population and small intestinal morphology in broiler chickens. British Poultry Science, 58(4), 402-408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2017.1315051
  26. Karkelanov, N., Chobanova, S., Dimitrova, K., Whiting, I. M., Rose, S. P., & Pirgozliev, V. (2020). Feeding value of de-hulled sunflower seed meal for broilers. Acta Agrophysica, (27), 31-38. https://doi.org/10.31545/aagr/126566
  27. Khakwani, A. A., Noor, S. H. A. R. I. F., Sadiq, M. U. H. A. M. M. A. D., Awan, I. U., Munir, M. U. H. A. M. M. A. D., Baloch, M. S., ... & Bakhsh, I. M. A. M. (2014). Impact of plant densities and NPK fertilization on growth and optimum economic return of sunflower. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 30(2), 157-164.
  28. Maeda, R. N., da Silva, M. M. P., Santa Anna, L. M. M., & Pereira, N. (2010). Nitrogen source optimization for cellulase production by Penicillium funiculosum, using a sequential experimental design methodology and the desirability function. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 161, 411-422. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s12010-009-8875-6
  29. McCready, R. M., Guggolz, J., Silviera, V., & Owens, H. S. (1950). Determination of starch and amylose in vegetables. Analytical Chemistry, 22(9), 1156-1158. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60045a016
  30. Meda, A., Lamien, C. E., Romito, M., Millogo, J., & Nacoulma, O. G. (2005). Determination of the total phenolic, flavonoid and proline contents in Burkina Fasan honey, as well as their radical scavenging activity. Food Chemistry, 91(3), 571-577. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.10.006
  31. Moghaddam, H. N., Salari, S., Arshami, J. A. V. D., Golian, A., & Maleki, M. O. H. S. E. N. (2012). Evaluation of the nutritional value of sunflower meal and its effect on performance, digestive enzyme activity, organ weight, and histological alterations of the intestinal villi of broiler chickens. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 21(2), 293-304. https://doi.org/10.3382/japr.2011-00396
  32. Nasseri, A. T., Rasoul-Amini, S., Morowvat, M. H., & Ghasemi, Y. (2011). Single cell protein: production and process. American Journal of food Technology, 6(2), 103-116.
  33. Niba, A. T., Beal, J. D., Kudi, A. C., & Brooks, P. H. (2009). Bacterial fermentation in the gastrointestinal tract of non-ruminants: influence of fermented feeds and fermentable carbohydrates. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 41, 1393-1407. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s11250-009-9327-6
  34. Oseni, O. A., & Akindahunsi, A. A. (2011). Some phytochemical properties and effect of fermentation on the seed of Jatropha curcas L. American Journal of food Technology, 6(2), 158-165.
  35. Paulová, L., Patáková, P., & Brányik, T. (2013). Advanced fermentation processes. Engineering aspects of food biotechnology, 89-110.
  36. Pirsaraei, Z. A., Saki, A. A., Kazemi Fard, M., & Saleh, H. (2011). Effect of dietary tallow level on broiler breeder performance and hatching egg characteristics. Journal of Animal and Advances, 10, 1287-1291.
  37. Rai, A. K., Swapna, H. C., Bhaskar, N., Halami, P. M., & Sachindra, N. M. (2010). Effect of fermentation ensilaging on recovery of oil from fresh water fish viscera. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 46(1), 9-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enzmictec.2009.09.007
  38. Salar, R. K., Purewal, S. S., & Bhatti, M. S. (2016). Optimization of extraction conditions and enhancement of phenolic content and antioxidant activity of pearl millet fermented with Aspergillus awamori MTCC-548. Resource-Efficient Technologies, 2(3), 148-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reffit.2016.08.002
  39. (2004). Statistical Analysis Systems, Version 9.2. SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA.
  40. Sembratowicz, I., Chachaj, R., Krauze, M., & Ognik, K. (2020). The effect of diet with fermented soybean meal on blood metabolites and redox status of chickens. Annals of Animal Science, 20(2), 599-611. https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2020-0009
  41. Senkoylu, N., & Dale, N. (2006). Nutritional evaluation of a high-oil sunflower meal in broiler starter diets. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 15(1), 40-47. https://doi.org/10.1093/japr/15.1.40
  42. Soest, P. V. (1963). Use of detergents in the analysis of fibrous feeds. II. A rapid method for the determination of fiber and lignin. Journal of the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, 46(5), 829-835. https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/46.5.829
  43. Sukumaran, R. K., Singhania, R. R., Mathew, G. M., & Pandey, A. (2009). Cellulase production using biomass feed stock and its application in lignocellulose saccharification for bio-ethanol production. Renewable Energy, 34(2), 421-424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2008.05.008
  44. Sun, H., Tang, J. W., Yao, X. H., Wu, Y. F., Wang, X., & Feng, J. (2012). Improvement of the Nutritional Quality of Cottonseed Meal by Bacillus subtilis and the Addition of Papain. International Journal of Agriculture & Biology, 14(4).
  45. Teng, D., Gao, M., Yang, Y., Liu, B., Tian, Z., & Wang, J. (2012). Bio-modification of soybean meal with Bacillus subtilis or Aspergillus oryzae. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 1(1), 32-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2011.08.005
  46. Tüzün, A. E., Olgun, O., Yıldız, A. Ö., & Şentürk, E. T. (2020). Effect of different dietary inclusion levels of sunflower meal and multi-enzyme supplementation on performance, meat yield, ileum histomorphology, and pancreatic enzyme activities in growing quails. Animals, 10(4), 680. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10040680
  47. Waititu, S. M., Sanjayan, N., Hossain, M. M., Leterme, P., & Nyachoti, C. M. (2018). Improvement of the nutritional value of high-protein sunflower meal for broiler chickens using multi-enzyme mixtures. Poultry Science, 97(4), 1245-1252. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pex418
  48. Yano, Y., Oikawa, H., & Satomi, M. (2008). Reduction of lipids in fish meal prepared from fish waste by a yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 121(3), 302-307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2007.11.012
  49. Yasar, S., uysal, C., & tosun, R. (2018). Nutritional Fortification of Sunflower Meal by Bacillus Subtilis ATCC PTA-6737 Fermentation. Bulletin of the University of Agricultural Sciences & Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Animal Science & Biotechnologies, 75(2). https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-asb:2018.0008

Yemm, E. W., Cocking, E. C., & Ricketts, R. E. (1955). The determination of amino-acids with ninhydrin. Analyst, 80(948), 209-214. https://doi.org/10.1039/AN9558000209

Statistics
Article View: 3,120
PDF Download: 2,100


Journal Management System. Powered by Sinaweb