بررسی تأثیر کارایی دولت و توسعه مالی بر رشد اقتصادی: مشاهداتی از هشت کشور بزرگ اسلامی

اقتصاد و توسعه منطقه ای

مقاله 5، دوره 22، شماره 9، دی 1394، صفحه 161-187   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/erd.v22i9.42665

نویسندگان

حسن حیدری^* ؛ رقیه علی نژاد

دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

این مطالعه به بررسی تأثیر شاخص های کارایی دولت و توسعه مالی بر رشد اقتصادی در هشت کشور بزرگ اسلامی موسوم به گروه دی هشت (D-8) طی دوره زمانی 2012-1996 می پردازد. بدین منظور، پس از انجام آزمون ایستایی متغیرها، از روش حداقل مربعات غیرخطی (NLS) برای تخمین مدل استفاده شده است. نتایج حاصل در این گروه کشورها با رد فرضیه خطی بودن، یک مدل دو رژیمی با اندازه آستانه ای 192/0 را برای شاخص کارایی دولت در کشورهای تحت بررسی پیشنهاد می نماید. نتایج تخمین مدل رگرسیونی انتقال ملایم تابلویی (PSTR) بیانگر تأثیرگذاری مثبت شاخص های کارایی دولت و توسعه مالی بر رشد اقتصادی، البته با شدت بیشتر در مقادیر بالاتر از حد آستانه ای محاسبه شده برای شاخص کارایی دولت می باشد. علاوه بر این، متغیرهای مخارج تحصیل و شاخص باز بودن اقتصاد در هر دو رژیم تأثیر مثبت، متغیر صادرات مواد خام کشاورزی در رژیم اول تأثیر منفی و در رژیم دوم تأثیر مثبت و نرخ تورم نیز در هر دو رژیم تأثیر منفی بر رشد اقتصادی دارد. بنابراین می توان بیان کرد که بهبود کارایی دولت و توسعه مالی و داشتن دستگاه های اداری کارآمد و نیز بانک ها و بازارهای مالی کارآمد در کشورهای عضو گروه دی هشت، منجر به افزایش رشد و توسعه اقتصادی در این کشورها خواهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

کارایی دولت؛ توسعه مالی؛ رشد اقتصادی؛ مدل رگرسیونی انتقال ملایم تابلویی (PSTR)؛ روش حداقل مربعات غیرخطی (NLS)

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