باز سازی سیلاب های قدیمی رودخانه سه هزار با استفاده از دندروژئومورفولوژی

جغرافیا و مخاطرات محیطی

مقاله 3، دوره 1، شماره 2، شهریور 1391، صفحه 29-53   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/geo.v1i2.17012

نویسندگان

سیدرضا حسین زاده^{* 1}؛ مهناز جهادی طرقی²

¹دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

²دانشگاه پیام نور

چکیده

وقوع سیلاب‌های شدید یکی از مهم ترین مخاطرات هیدرو- ژئومورفیک حوضه های آبریز منتهی به دریای خزر است که طی سال های اخیر روندی افزایشی داشته است. رودخانه سه-هزار که از یخچال های دره ای تخت سلیمان سرچشمه می گیرد، طی ده‌سال اخیر و خصوصا در تابستان ها بشدت سیلابی شده و بسیاری از کارشناسان محلی علت وقوع سیلاب ها را به تشدید ذوب یخچالی نسبت می دهند. برای بررسی بهتر موضوع، داده های طولانی تری از سیلاب مورد نیاز است که در این مقاله با استفاده از دندروژئومورفولوژی به بازسازی این تقویم پرداخته شده است. دندروژئومورفولوژی یا ژئومورفولوژی درختی از تغییرات به وجود آمده در ساختار و حلقه های رشد درختان برای بازسازی زمان و نحوه عملکرد فرایندهای ژئومورفیک استفاده می کند. برای نیل به اهداف مقاله پس از بررسی اولیه میدانی منطقه و تعیین محدوده مطالعاتی، نقشه ژئومورفولوژی بستر تهیه شد و طی عملیات میدانی تفصیلی نمونه برداری های لازم از تنه و ریشه درختان انتخابی در قالب مقاطع عرضی و گوه ها صورت گرفت. بر اساس نوع تغییرات و واکنش تنه و ریشه درختان به فرایند سیلاب، زمان وقوع سیلاب های بزرگ مشخص و دبی آنها به طور تقریبی برآورد گردید. نتایج مطالعه وقوع 6 سیلاب بزرگ مربوط به قبل از تاریخ تأسیس ایستگاه (1380) را نشان می دهد. در دوره مطالعه هر چه به زمان حاضر نزدیک تر می شویم، فاصله تکرار سیلاب ها کوتاه تر شده و اثر آنها بر ژئومورفولوژی و اکولوژی منطقه شدیدتر شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

دندروژئومورفولوژی؛ سیلاب؛ غلیظ؛ بازسازی فرایندهای ژئومورفیک رودخانه سه هزار؛ حلقه های رشد درخت

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