ارزیابی مخاطرات سنگ ریزه در آزاد راه رودبار- رستم آباد با استفاده از فرایند تحلیل شبکه

جغرافیا و مخاطرات محیطی

مقاله 5، دوره 1، شماره 2، شهریور 1391، صفحه 101-116   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/geo.v1i2.16872

نویسندگان

محمد مهدی حسین زاده^{* 1}؛ سعید رحیمی هر آبادی²؛ حسن اروجی³؛ مهدی صمدی²

¹دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

²دانشگاه تهران

³دانشگاه خوارزمی

چکیده

یکی از عوامل موثر در کنترل مخاطرات محیطی، وجود پایداری در ساختار لندفرم هاست. در عصر حاضر ضرورت احداث سیستم‌های حمل و‌نقل، پیامدهای متعددی در واکنش سیستم‌های ژئومورفیک به وجود آورده است. در این ارتباط، کوهستان‌های نیمه خشک از جمله حساس‌ترین مناطق در برابر تغییرات غیرمعمول یا تغییرات ناشی از دخالت‌های انسان به شمار می‌رود. این نوشتار تلاش دارد ضمن تبیین وضعیت ژئومورفولوژیک منطقه از نظر حساسیت بالای آن نسبت به ناپایداری‌های دامنه‌ای، نوعی رابطه منطقی میان احداث آزاد راه رودبار- رستم آباد و ناپایداری دامنه‌ای به ویژه فرایند ریزش سنگ به منظور تجزیه و تحلیل واکنش‌های ژئومورفولوژیک منطقه و تحقق مدیریت محیطی به ویژه در جاده‌ها برقرار کند. به همین منظور با استفاده از فرایند تحلیل شبکه و تعیین معیارهای پیشنهادی در وقوع ریزش سنگ مبتنی بر مطالعات میدانی و روش دلفی، این معیارها در دو خوشه اصلی مخاطرات طبیعی و زیست محیطی شامل میزان شیب، جهت شیب، کاربری اراضی، بارش سالیانه، فاصله از گسل، شبکه ارتباطی، آبراهه و لیتولوژی تعیین شد. در مرحله بعد با تهیه لایه‌های اطلاعاتی از عناصر فوق و ارزش گذاری آن‌ها در مدل تحلیل شبکه‌ای در محیط GIS مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت و نقشه نهایی مخاطرات سنگ ریزش با درجات کم، متوسط و بالا مشخص گردید و در ادامه به منظور کنترل نتایج از بازدید میدانی بهره برده شد. نتایج نشان داد مستعدترین مناطق از نظر وقوع ریزش سنگ منطبق بر میزان شیب بالا، فاصله کم از آبراهه، گسل خوردگی‌ها، حساسیت‌بالای سنگ‌های آتشفشانی توده‌ای و اراضی بایر هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

ژئومورفولوژی جاده ای؛ مخاطرات محیطی؛ سنگ ریزه؛ فرایند تحلیل شبکه؛ آزادراه رودبار- رستم آباد

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