نقش کارایی انرژی در بهبود محیط زیست در کشورهای منتخب صادرکنندۀ نفت (به روش داده های تابلویی)

اقتصاد و توسعه منطقه ای

مقاله 4، دوره 23، شماره 11، مرداد 1395، صفحه 121-145   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/erd.v23i11.49143

نویسندگان

عطیه شارکیان؛ دکتر محمدرضا لطفعلی پور^*

دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

یکی از مسائل پیش روی جوامع جهانی در دهه های اخیر، مباحث مربوط به محیط زیست و عوامل تخریب آن است. آلودگی هایی که به تغییرات شدید آب و هوایی و گرم شدن کرۀ زمین منجر شده، نگرانی های زیادی را در سطح منطقه ای و جهانی ایجاد کرده است. از سوی دیگر با وجود محدودیت منابع و ضرورت توسعه در کشورهای کمتر توسعه یافته، توجه به مبحث کارایی به عنوان یک راه حل در حوزۀ بحران های زیست محیطی، اهمیت خود را نمایان می‌سازد. نظر به اهمیت مسائل زیست محیطی در کنار مباحث مربوط به رشد و توسعۀ اقتصادی، در تحقیق حاضر سعی شده است از بُعد کارایی انرژی، به این مهم پرداخته شود. به این منظور در این پژوهش، اثر متغیرهای شدت انرژی (به عنوان یکی از شاخص های رایج کارایی انرژی)، جمعیت، ثروت (درآمد سرانه) و مصرف انرژی بر انتشار دی-اکسیدکربن (به عنوان شاخص کیفیت محیط زیست) به روش داده های تابلویی طی دوره 1996-2010 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. آزمون های مربوط به اثرات فرد و زمان و نیز آزمون هاسمن وجود یک الگوی اثرات تصادفی یک جانبه را برای انتشار دی اکسیدکربن در کشورهای مورد بررسی تأیید کرد. نتایج تحقیق نشان می دهد جمعیت، ثروت، مصرف انرژی و شدت انرژی، همگی اثری مثبت و معنی دار بر انتشار دی اکسیدکربن دارند. هم چنین ضریب بالای متغیر اصلی مورد بررسی (شدت انرژی) میزان اهمیت توجه به کارایی انرژی در حوزۀ محیط زیست را تأیید می کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

انتشار دی اکسیدکربن؛ ثروت؛ GDP؛ شدت انرژی؛ کارایی انرژی؛ گازهای گلخانه-ای؛ معادله IPAT

مراجع

[1] Ebrahimi salari, ataghi, Ghotbodinian yazd, Yasmin. (2014). “The Analysis of energy intensity consumption in major oil Exporting Countries during 1990-2010” third international conference on new approches

[2] Ostadzadeh, alihosin, Safavi, seid Ali. (1391). “The estimation of Kuznets Curve by existence of Energy: The comparison of Five Evolution Optimal Methods” The First National Conference on environmental protection, Islamic Azad University, Hamadan, http://www.civilica.com/Paper-NATURE01-NATURE01_883.html

[3] Asgharpore, Hossein, and et all. (1012).” Test of Kuznets Curve in Iran by LSTR Method”, Quarterly Journal of Economic Studies, No, 32, pp73-93.

[4] Asghari, Maryam, Salarnazar, rafsanjanipour, Somaeih. (2013)” The Effect of Foreign Direct Investment Flows on environmental Quality in selected MENA Countries”, Quarterly of Economic Growth Researches” No 9, pp1-30.

[5] Central Bank of Iran. (2010). “Efficiency and Energy Intensity in Iran and the World”, unpublished report of Ministry of Energy.

[6] Bahrami, gholami, Mina, Dargahi, Hasan. (2011). “Effective Factors on Green House Gasses in Selected Industrialized and Petroleum Exporting Countries, Pannel Data Approach, Quarterly of environmental Economy and Energy, No, 1, pp73-99

[7] Pajoyan, Jamshid, Moradhasel, Nilofar. (2007). “The Study of economic Growth on Pollution” Economic Researches, No, 7 pp57-71.

[8] Porkazemi, Mohammad Hossein, Ebrahimi, ilnaz. (2008). “The Study of Kuznets’ Environmental Curve in Middle East” Quarterly of Economic Researches, No 34, pp57-72.

[9] Salmani, Behzad & Yavari, kazem. (2015). “Economic Growth, in reach Endowment Countries: Oil Exporting Countries” Journal of Commerce” No, 37 pp. 1-24.

[10] Sharzehei, gholamali & Hghani, Majid. (2009).” The Study of Casualty relation between Carbon Emission and Internal Income, By emphasizes on Energy Consumption” Journal of Economic Researches, No 68.

[11] Shabani, Zohreh & Others. (2009). “The Study of Casualty relation between GDP and Greenhouse Gasses in Iran” Case Study of Carbon Dioxide, Agriculture Economics and Development, No 66.

[12] Sadeghi Hossein & Sadat, Rahman. (2004). Population Growth, Economic Growth and Environmental Effects in Iran”, Journal of Economic Researches, No 64, pp164-180.

[13] Fotros, Mohammad Hossein, & Mabodi, Reza. (2011). “Economic Growth, Energy Consumption, and pollution in Iran” Quarterly of Environmental Economics and Energy, No, 1 pp.189-211.

[14] Fotros, Mohammad Hossein, & Nasrindost, misam. (2009).” The Study of pollution, water pollution, Energy consumption and Economic Growth in Iran” Quarterly of Energy Economics, No, 21.

[15] Mohammadbagheri, azam. (2010).” the study of short run and long run relation between GDP, Energy consumption and emission in Iran”, Quarterly Journal of Energy Economic, No,27 pp.101-129.

[16] References (in English)

A. Kaidonis, M., B. Andrew & j. Andrew. (2010). “Carbon Tax: Challenging neoliberal solutions to climate change”, Critical Perspectives on Accounting, Vol. 21, pp. 618- 611.

[17] Alam, S., F. Ambreen& B. Muhammad. (2007). “Sustainable Development in Pakistan in the Context of Energy Consumption Demand and Environmental Degradation”, Journal of Asian Economics, No. 18, pp. 825-837.

[18] Chen, B., zh. Yang & L. Chen. (2013). “Decomposition Analysis of Energy-Related Industrial CO2 Emission in China”, Energies, Vol. 6, PP. 2319- 2337.

[19] Cole, M. A. & Neumayer, E. (2004). “Examining the impact of demographic factors on air pollution”, Population and Development Review,PP. 5–21.

[20] Copeland, B.R. & M.S. Taylor. (2003). “Trade and the Environment”, Princeton University Press.

[21] Cramer, C. J. (2002). “Population growth and local air pollution: Methods, models and results”, Population and environment. Vol. 28, PP. 22-52.

[22] Dietz, T. and E. Rosa. (1994). “Rethinking the environmental impacts of population, affluence and technology”,Human Ecology Review, Vol. 1, PP. 277- 300.

[23] Dincer, I. (1999). “Environmental Impacts of Energy”, Energy Policy, Vol. 27, PP. 845-854.

[24] Eddine chebbi, H., M. Olarreaga and H. Zitouna. (2010). “Trade openness and CO2 emissions in Tunisia”, Economic Research Forum.

[25] Grossman, M. G. and B. Alan Krueger. (1991). “Environmental Impacts of a North American Free Trade Agreements”, Working Paper, No. 3914.

[26] H.Baltagi, B. (2005). “Econometric Analysis of Panel Data”, Third Edition.

[27] Heaton, G., R. Repetto, and R. Sobin(1991).“Transforming technology: An agenda for environmentally sustainable growth in the 21st century”,Washington, DC: World Resources Institute.

[28] JrDeluna, R. (2008). “Anthropogenic Carbon Dioxide Emission in Asia: Effect of Population, Affluence and Energy Efficiency”, MPRA paper, No.36603.

[29] Kraft, J., Kraft, A. (1978). “On the relationship between energy and GNP”, Journal of Energy and Development, Vol. 3, PP. 401– 403.

[30] List, J.A. et al. (2003). “Effects of Environmental Regulations on Manufacturing Plant Births: Evidence from a Propensity Score Matching Estimator”, Review of Economics and Statistics.

[31] Newell, P. (2001). “Managing Multinational: The Governance of Investment for the Environment”, Journal of International Development, 13(7). 907-19.

[32] Popp, D. and Newell. (2009). “Energy, the environment and technological change”, WorkingPapers, National Bureau of Economic Research Inc.

[33] R. Chertow, M. (2001). “The IPAT Equation and Its Variants”, Journal of Industrial Ecology, Vol. 4, No. 4.

[34] Reddy, A. K. N. (2004). “Energy and Social Issue. In T. B. Johansson & J. Goldemberg (Eds.)”, Energy and the challenge of sustainability, New York.

[35] Shi, A. (2003). “The impact of population pressure on global carbon dioxide emissions, 1975–1996: Evidence from pooled cross-country data”, Ecological Economics, Vol. 44, PP. 29–42.

[36] Shim, J.H. (2006). “The Reform of Energy Subsidies for the Enhancement of Marine Sustainability”, Case Study of South Korea, University of Delaware.

[37] Simon, J. (1981). “Environmental disruption or environmental improvement?”,Social Science Quarterly.

[38] Soytas, Ugur& Sari, Ramazan& T. Ewing, Bradle. (2007). “Energy Consumption, Income and Carbon Emissions in the United States", Ecological Economics, Elsevier, Vol. 62, No. 3-4, PP. 482-489, May.

[39] Stern, D.I. (2004). “Energy and Economic Growth”, Rensselaer Working Paper, No. 0410.

[40] Tamazian, A. and B. Rao. (2009). “Do Economic, Financial and Institutional Developments Matter of Environmental Degradation? Evidence from Transitional Economics”, Journal of Energy Economics, No. 13015.

[41] Wernick, I., P. Waggoner, and J. Ausubel. (1997). “Searching for leverage to conserve forests”, Journal of Industrial Ecology.

[42] Perman, R. Ma, Y. Mcgilvray, J. (1996). “Natural Resource & Environmental”, Adisson Wesely Longman; New York.

[43] York, R., Rosa, E. A., & Dietz, t. (2003). “STIRPAT, IPATand IMPACT: Analytic tools for unpacking the driving forces o environmental impacts”, Ecological Economics, Vol. 46(3). PP. 351–365.

[44] Yu, E. S. H., Hwang, B. (1984). “The relationship between energy and GNP: An international comparison”, Journal of Energy and Development, Vol. 10, PP. 249–272.

[45] Yu, S. H. Eden, & Choi, J. (1985). “The causal relationship between energy and GDP: An international comparison”, The Journal of Energy and Development,Vol. 10(2), PP. 249–270.

[46] Zhang, Ch. and J. Nian. (2013). “Panel estimation for transport sector CO2 emissions and its affecting factors: A regional analysis in China”, Energy Policy, No. 63, PP. 918-926.

[47] Zhang, M., H. Mu and Y. Ning. (2009). “Accounting for energy-related CO2 emission in China 1991-2006”, Energy Policy, Vol. 37, PP. 767-773, March.