Effects of planting depth and flooding period on germination and emergence of swallow wort (Cynanchum acutum)

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

Article 2, Volume 3, Issue 1 - Serial Number 5, 2005, Pages 15-24   

Document Type: Research Article

DOI: 10.22067/gsc.v3i1.1288

Authors

A. H Pahlavani^{* 1}; M. T Ale ebrahim¹; M.H Rashed Mohasel²; F Miaghani³; M Nasiri mahalati¹

¹Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

²Department of Agrotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

³-

Abstract

Effect of 13 planting depths and 6 flooding periods on germination and emergence of swallow wort were investigated under greenhouse conditions. Results showed that swallow wort seeds emerged from up to 6 cm depth. The highest emergence occurred in the first, second, third and fourth week after emergence from 0.5 cm; 0.5, 1 and 1.5 cm; 1.5 cm; and 1.5 cm planting depth, respectively. At the end of the fourth week, 6.5 cm depth treatment had zero emergence. Increasing burial depth resulted in induced secondary dormancy. Increasing flooding period, did not affect germination percentage. However, fresh weight, radicle and hypocotyle lengths under flooding conditions were decreased significantly compared to control. Seeds flooded for 3 and 21 days had the highest and lowest fresh weight, respectively. Hypocotyle length was highest under zero and one day flooding treatments, but lowest under 14 days flooding treatment. Radicle length was highest under 0, 1, 3 and 7 days flooding treatments and lowest under 14 and 21 days flooding treatments.