Planning Urban Secure Spaces with Emphasis on Tourism Development (Case Study: Meybod Historical Texture)

جغرافیا و توسعه فضای شهری

Article 7, Volume 5, Issue 1 - Serial Number 8, September 2018, Pages 131-152   

Document Type: Scientific-Research

DOI: 10.22067/gusd.v5i1.61697

Authors

Saeedeh Moayedfar^{* 1}; Samane Rafie²

¹Meybod University

²Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University

Abstract

Extended Abstract

Introduction

City dwelling has caused a lot of social, financial, and other sorts of problems for developing countries recently. Therefore, paying attention to the concept of citizens’ safety and planning approaches in order to provide the mentioned safety has turned out to be one of the major priorities of city authorities. As urban spaces have the most communication with people and their living areas, they can play a significant role in citizens’ identification and calmness. So that it is necessary to predict solutions in the planning of urban spaces which provide the safety of citizens in urban districts. The purpose of this study is to design suitable and future-oriented programs for the transformation of the historical fabric into a secure space in order to be more successful in attracting tourists. However, due to the problems of urban communities and the importance of tourism, the attention to the concept of security in urban environments is a priority for both urban residents and tourists as well as planning methods for security purposes. Therefore, we can say that the garden-city of Meybod is one of the richest cities in the country considering archaism. The city of Meybod, thanks to its historical and cultural works and even immigration from other parts of the country plays a significant role in tourism and from the viewpoint of having historical monuments, and tourist attractions are of great importance, too. Restoration and alteration of these monuments during the last years, life and existence and even the extent of this texture have turned it out to one of the unique historical sites not only in Iran but also in whole the world. This texture has been frazzled lately due to the existence of most historical monuments and tourist attractions in this texture of the city and thanks to its cultural and tourism potentials and unfortunately because of the lack of facilities and equipment, inappropriate access and the lack of safety feeling. Therefore the related organizations have been obliged to restore and ameliorate the texture which can cause the return of life to this texture.

Methodology

This study has an applied goal, and from the viewpoint of research, approaches are descriptive and analytic. It must be said that the collecting data method for this study is of documentaries scrutinizing, field studying and interviewing with related experts. The statically society of this study contains 50 experts related to this are whose ideas have been used to provide the SWOT matrix, SWOT analytic matrix and QSPM are used to analyze the data and express useful solutions. In order to achieve the effective indexes in the research, by reviewing and summarizing the research background, the indexes presented in the articles, as well as the CPTED approaches and the Rapaport approach, the objective and subjective attributes are considered, and those that are more closely related to the circumstances of the case study has been considered, or in other words, the localization of the indicators has been done with the opinion of the experts. So by using the Oregon Model and also authorities and people ideas and upper hand plans, some landscapes are formed for the area. Moreover, finally, proper solutions in the applicable planning process method are expressed by regulating external and internal strategic factors which are the fundamentals of codifying solutions.

Results

Overall, the results of this study show that paying attention to the social remarks and consideration of safety in the historical texture of Meybod is of great importance. Paying attention to elements such as beauty, attraction, lack of nervousness, variety, safety and liveliness which are public and cognitive components and without considering social remarks and safety feeling in urban districts, they are useless and are realized just from the viewpoint of space and skeletal. SO, it is essential to define their roles to provide safety feeling in urban districts by predicting solutions in planning. Tourism itself is one of the elements which can play a significant role in historical textures of Meybod, as there is great potential inside these textures which by emphasizing on tourism, can be used. The main purpose of this study is to find proper and future-proof planning to change the historical texture of Meybod to a safe place to attract tourists more successfully.

Conclusion

The results of this study show that by using the present potentials of Meybod, the historical texture can be turned out to be a safe urban space. By regarding the city landscapes (a historical city, a safe city with sustainable citizenship, industry and tourism pole) and by offering solutions such as walling destroyed buildings, lightening the historical texture, restoring old historical monuments in order to change them to tourist attractions, etc. we can increase safety in historical texture and even develop civic conditions in the city to reach the desirable landscapes.

Keywords

historical texture; landscape; Meybod; secure space; tourism development

References

1. اسفنجاری کناری، ع. (1381). طرح ساماندهی و توان بخشی و مرمت شهری محله بالای میبد. پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد. چاپ شده. دانشکده هنر و معماری، اصفهان: دانشگاه هنر اصفهان.

2. بحرینی، ح.، طبیبیان، م. (1377). مدل ارزیابی کیفیت محیط زیست شهری. مجله محیط‌شناسی، 24 (21). شماره بیست و یکم،41-56.

3. بهرامی، ف.، مستوفی الممالکی، ر.، و سرائی، م. (1396).تبیین نقش شاخصهای کالبدی در راستای ارتقای امنیت شهروندان با رویکرد CPTED))( بافت فرسودۀ محلۀ زینبیۀ اصفهان). مجلّة جغرافیا و توسعة فضای شهری، 4 (1). 21-1.

4. پویا، س.ع. (1371). سیمای باستانی شهر میبد. میبد: انتشارات دانشگاه آزاد میبد.

5. حکمت نیا، ح.، موسوی، م. (1390). کاربرد مدل در جغرافیا با تأکید بر برنامه ریزی شهری و ناحیه ای. یزد: انتشارات علم نوین.

6. زنگی‌آبادی، ع.، مؤیدفر، س. (1391). رویکرد بازآفرینی شهری در بافتهای فرسوده (برزن شش بادگیری شهر یزد). نشریه معماری و شهرسازی آرمانشهر، 5 (9). 297-285.

7. شیعه، ا .(1386) .آماده سازی شهر برای کودکان. تهران: نشر شهر.

8. عباس‌زادگان، م.، بیدرام، ر. (1391). نگاهی ‌ساختاری ‌به ‌کنترل‌ معابر در بافتهای ‌فرسوده جهت حل مشکل نفوذپذیری و انزوای ‌فضایی ‌محلات (نمونه‌موردی :بافتهای فرسوده شهر مشهد).مجله مدیریت شهری، 10(30). 178-163.

9. عرصه، مهندسین مشاور .(1386). طرح تفصیلی میبد. سازمان مسکن و شهرسازی یزد.

10. فنایی، ح. (1394). بازآفرینی و بهسازی بافتهای فرسوده و تاریخی شهری با رویکرد گردشگری (مطالعه موردی : منطقه 9 شهر اصفهان). پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد. چاپ شده. دانشکده هنر و معماری. یزد: دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد یزد.

11. کاظمی، س.م.، موسی رفیعیان، م.، و قسمی شاه گلدی، ع. (1393). عوامل مؤثر بر بهبود امنیت محلات شهری (مورد مطالعه: محله جنت آباد شمالی شهر تهران). فصلنامه فضای جغرافیایی، 14 (45). 129-147.

12. کلانتری خلیل آباد، ح.، اردلانی، ر.، سراجی،س.، و پوراحمد،ع. (1392). برنامه ریزی فضاهای امن شهری مبتنی بر تفکیک جنسیتی با رویکرد CPTED. (نمونه موردی: محله فرهنگیان، شهر بناب). فصلنامه مطالعات شهر ایرانی اسلامی،1 (12)، 26-15.

13. کیانی، ا.، تاجیکی، ع.، و سلیمانی باب گنجوئیه، م. (1392). چشم اندازسازی شهری در برنامه استراتژی توسعه شهری بااستفاده ازمدل اورگون در بندرعباس. همایش ملی معماری، فرهنگ و مدیریت شهری.

14. لطفی،ص.، بردی آنامرادنژاد، ر.، و ساسانی‌پور، م. (1393).بررسی احساس امنیت در فضاهای عمومی شهری (موردمطالعه:کلانشهرشیراز). مجله پژوهش وبرنامه‌ریزی شهری، 5 (19). 56-39.

15. موسوی، س.م. (1392). بررسی میزان تعامل فضاهای پیاده شهری با شهروندان با نگاهی به محله فهادان یزد به عنوان نمونه مطلوب. فصلنامه مطالعات ساختار و کارکرد شهری، 1 (2)، 171-157.

16. مؤیدفر، س.، تقوایی، م.، و زنگی آبادی، ع. (1393). تبیین امنیت گردشگران با تأکید بر مدیریت بحران گردشگری (فضاهای گردشگری شهر یزد). پژوهش نامه جغرافیایی انتظامی، 2 (7). 24-1.

17. مؤیدی، م.، علی‌نژاد، م.، و نوایی، ح. (1392). بررسی نقش مؤلفه‌های منظر شهری در ارتقای سطح احساس امنیت در فضاهای عمومی شهری (نمونه مورد مطالعه: محله اوین تهران). فصلنامه مطالعات امنیت اجتماعی، 1 (35)، 191-159.

18. Cozen, P. M., Saville, C., & Hillier, D. (2005). Crime prevention through environ mental design (CPTED): A view and modern bibliography. Property Management, 23(5), 328-356.

19. Foster, S., Knuiman, M., Villanueva, K., Wood, L., Christian, H., & Giles-Corti, B. (2014). Does walk able neighborhood design influence the association between objective crime and walking? International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 1(3), 1-10.

20. Frey, H. (2004). Designing the City towards a more sustainable urban form. Translated Bahraini, Hossein. Tehran: Publications processing enterprises and urban planning.

21. Giddnes, A. (1998). The consequences of modernity (M. Salasi, Trans.). Tehran: Publishing Center.

22. Jacobs, J. (1961). The life and death of great American cities. New York, NY: Random House.

23. Kelly, E., & Crabtree, D. (2009). Securing the built environment: An analysis crime prevention through environmental design, Muncie, Indiana: Ball State University.

24. Lynch, K. (1997). In good shape theory (H. Bahrini, Trans.). Tehran: Tehran University Press.

25. Mandel, R. (2008). Changing the face of national security. Tehran, Iran: Institute for Strategic Studies.

26. Masihi, sh., Moayedfar, S., & Esteghlal, a. (2017). Regeneration of Distressed Areas of the Central District of Ahvaz City via the Sustainable Development Approach. IJAPAS, 2(2). 7-26.

27. Paul, E., Rachel, A., Leanne, M., & Ben, C. (2013). Crime prevention through environmental design in the United Arab Emirates: A suitable case for reorientation built environment, 39(1), 92-113.

28. Reynaldo, D. M., Elffers, H. (2009). The future of Newman’s defensible space theory linking defensible space and the routine activities of place. European Journal of Criminology, 6(125), 23-34.

29. Schneider, R. H., Kitchen, T. (2013). Putting crime prevention through environmental design into practice via planning systems: A comparison of experience in the US and the UK. Built Environment, International Theme Issue, 39(1), 9-30.

30. Tibbalds, F. (1992). Making people friendly towns: Improving the public environments in towns and cities. Harlow, Essex: Longman Press.