بررسی تاثیر کودهای شیمیایی و آلی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گیاه کنجد (Sesamum indicum L.) در تراکم های مختلف کاشت

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 5، دوره 2، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 4، تیر 1389، صفحه 256-265   

نوع مقاله: علمی - پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jag.v2i2.7631

نویسندگان

پرویز رضوانی مقدم^* ؛ علی اصغر محمد آبادی؛ روح اله مرادی

گروه زراعت و اصلاح و نباتات، دانشـکده کشـاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، ایران

چکیده

جهت ارزیابی بهترین تراکم کاشت و نوع کود مصرفی در تولید گیاه روغنی کنجد (Sesamum indicum L.)، آزمایشی بصورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار، انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل کود در چهار سطح (1- کود گاوی (30 تن در هکتار)، 2- کمپوست زباله شهری (30 تن در هکتار)، 3- کود شیمیایی (250 کیلوگرم فسفر به صورت فسفات آمونیوم و 100 کیلوگرم نیتروژن به صورت اوره) و 4- تیمار شاهد بدون هیچ گونه کود و تراکم کاشت نیز در چهار سطح (20، 30، 40 و 50 بوته در متر مربع) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که تمامی تیمارهای کودی، ارتفاع بوته، تعداد کپسول در بوته، بیوماس بوته، عملکرد دانه، وزن دانه در بوته و تعداد دانه در کپسول را نسبت به شاهد افزایش معنی داری دادند و بیشترین مقدار این صفات در تیمار کود گاوی بدست آمد. با افزایش تراکم بوته در متر مربع، عملکرد دانه افزایش معنی داری یافت، ولی ارتفاع بوته، تعداد کپسول در بوته، بیوماس بوته، وزن دانه در بوته و تعداد دانه در کپسول کاهش نشان داد. صفات وزن هزار دانه، شاخص برداشت و وزن دانه در کپسول تحت تاثیر تیمارهای مورد آزمایش قرار نگرفتند. بنابراین، تراکم 40 بوته در متر مربع با اعمال کود گاوی مناسب ترین الگوی کاشت در این آزمایش بدست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

فسفات آمونیوم؛ کمپوست زباله شهری؛ کود گاوی؛ گیاه روغنی

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