تأثیر ورمی کمپوست در بهبود تحمل به شوری گیاهچه های لوبیا قرمز رقم درخشان (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 10، دوره 2، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 5، مهر 1389، صفحه 474-485   

نوع مقاله: علمی - پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jag.v2i3.7661

نویسندگان

عبدالله بیک خورمیزی^* ؛ پروانه ابریشم چی؛ علی گنجعلی؛ مهدی پارسا

گـروه زیسـت شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

در سال های اخیر تولید فزاینده زباله در نتیجه رشد جمعیت شهری و توسعه صنایع، به عنوان یک چالش جدی مطرح است. ورمی کمپوست به عنوان محصول فرآوری زباله های شهری با خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی مناسب، می تواند نقش موثری در رشد و نمو و نیز کاهش اثرات منفی ناشی از تنش های مختلف محیطی بر گیاهان داشته باشد. برای این منظور مطالعه ای با هدف بررسی بر هم کنش نسبت های مختلف ورمی کمپوست و تنش شوری بر صفات ریخت زایی گیاهچه های لوبیا قرمز رقم درخشان (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Light Red Kidney) انجام شد. این آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک های کاملاً تصادفی، شامل پنج نسبت حجمی ورمی کمپوست و ماسه (100:0؛ 90:10؛ 75:25؛50:50 و 25:75) و چهار سطح شوری (30، 60، 90 و120 میلی مول بر لیتر کلرید سدیم) به ترتیب معادل 75/2، 5/5، 25/8 و 11 دسی زیمنس بر متر، به همراه شاهد(صفر)، در سه تکرار مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بذرها در گلدان های پلاستیکی کاشته و نمونه برداری از گیاهچه ها 28 روز پس از کاشت انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که در محیط بدون تنش، ورمی کمپوست تأثیر معنی داری (p ≤ 0.05) بر طول ساقه، تعداد میانگره ها، سطح و وزن خشک برگ، وزن خشک، سطح، قطر و مجموع طول ریشه ها داشت، اما تأثیر آن بر وزن خشک ساقه معنی دار نبود. بر هم کنش ورمی کمپوست و شوری، تأثیر معنی داری بر طول ساقه، تعداد میانگره ها، سطح و وزن خشک برگ، سطح و وزن خشک ریشه ها داشت، اما تأثیر آن بر وزن خشک ساقه، قطر و مجموع طول ریشه ها معنی دارنبود. بنابراین در سطوح پائین شوری تمام نسبت های ورمی کمپوست و در سطوح شوری بالا، نسبت های بالای ورمی کمپوست می تواند تا حدودی اثرات نامطلوب شوری را بر گیاهچه های لوبیا محدود نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تنش محیطی؛ خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی؛ صفات ریخت زایی؛ گیاهچه

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