نقش و کارکرد گروه‌های ضدسیستمی در سیستم کنترل نظم منطقۀ آسیای غربی

پژوهش نامه ایرانی سیاست بین الملل

مقاله 5، دوره 4، شماره 2، آبان 1395، صفحه 119-146   

نوع مقاله: مقالات

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jipr.v4i2.53477

نویسندگان

فرهاد قاسمی^* ؛ بهرام عین الهی

دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

امروزه، نظریۀ کنترل یک روش‌شناسی غنی و مجموعه‌ای از ابزارها و اصول، برای تجزیه و تحلیل نظم‌های منطقه‌ای و کنش‌گران و راهبردهای آن فراهم می‌کند. امروزه، گروه‌های ضدسیستمی یک مفهوم کلیدی در مدیریت مدرن نظم‌های منطقه‌ای و پیوستگی بین سیستم کنترل و کنش‌گران جدید است. با وجود تغییرات چشم‌گیر در روابط بین‌الملل در دهه‌های اخیر، مطالعۀ نظم‌های منطقه‌ای و کنترل آنها از جایگاه محوری در نظریه‌های روابط بین‌الملل برخوردار نیست. گروه‌های ضدسیستمی، به‌عنوان یکی از متغیرهای کنترل در نظم‌های منطقه‌ای، به‌ویژه در نظم منطقه‌ای آسیای غربی، به‌عنوان یک منطقۀ دارای اهمیت استراتژیک، برجسته شده است. ازاین‌رو، موضوع محوری پژوهش حاضر پاسخ به این سؤال است که نقش و کارکرد گروه‌های ضدسیستمی در نظم منطقه‌ای آسیای غربی چیست؟ در پاسخ باید گفت که گروه‌های ضدسیستمی به عملکرد سیستم‌های کنترل، شامل موازنۀ قدرت، بازدارندگی و وادارندگی، در شرایط عدم تقارن قدرت و پیچیدگی نظم منطقه‌ای کمک خواهد کرد. ازاین‌رو هدف پژوهش حاضر این است تا به تبیین مسئلۀ گروه‌های ضدسیستمی تهاجمی و مقاومتی، به‌عنوان سازوکاری در جهت موازنه‌بخشی و ایجاد بازدارندگی و وادارندگی، در منطقۀ آسیای غربی بپردازد. این مطالعه دربرگیرندۀ بررسی کارکردهای این کنش‌گران جدید، در جهت تبیین مدیریت نظم منطقه‌ای جدید است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آسیای غربی؛ بازدارندگی پیچیده؛ موازنۀ قدرت هوشمند؛ گروه های ضدسیستمی؛ وادارندگی

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