همگامی با تلاش‌های بین‌المللی با تأکید بر چشم‌انداز عملیاتی کتابخانه کنگره به منظور به‌کارگیری استاندارد توصیف و دسترسی به منبع (آر.دی.اِی.) در ایران

پژوهشنامه کتابداری و اطلاع رسانی

مقاله 8، دوره 4، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 7، دی 1393، صفحه 148-175   

نوع مقاله: مقالات مروری

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/riis.v4i2.22077

نویسنده

فاطمه پازوکی^*

دانشگاه الزهرا

چکیده

هدف: هدف آن است که با آگاهی از فعالیت‌های صورت گرفته برای به‌کارگیری آر.دی.ای.، روند به کارگیری آر.دی.ای. در ایران تسهیل شود.
روش: این مقاله با رویکرد تحلیلی و تاریخی به بیان علت‌ها، زمینه‌ها و روند تغییر قواعد فهرست‌نویسی در جهان پرداخته و در ادامه اقدامات کمیته مشترک راهبردی و کتابخانه کنگره به‌عنوان متولیان این امر آورده شده است.
یافته‌ها: تولید پیشینه‌های کتابشناختی، به‌منظور توصیف و تحلیل منابع اطلاعاتی، از مهم‌ترین فعالیت‌هایی است که از گذشته‌های دور در کتابخانه‌ها انجام است. با پیشرفت روزافزون فناوری اطلاعات، تغییراتی در محمل‌های اطلاعاتی پدید آمد که این امر منجر به ایجاد تغییراتی در شیوه‌های دسترسی به اطلاعات شد و به تبع آن تغییراتی در شیوه‌های بازیابی اطلاعات از سوی کاربران در جهت بازیابی هرچه سریعتر و در عین حال دقیق منابع اطلاعاتی به‌وجود آورد که فهرستهای رایانه‌ای را نیز دستخوش تغییر کرد. بر این اساس، تغییر در روش‌های سازماندهی اطلاعات و به‌کارگیری روش‌های جدیدی برای توصیف و تحلیل مدارک ضروری می‌نمود. متخصصان حوزه سازماندهی اطلاعات، همزمان با رواج فن‌آوری‌ها به فکر تغییر و تحول در شیوه‌های سازماندهی اطلاعات افتادند و اقدامات متعددی طی سالیان اخیر در این زمینه انجام شده است. در این راستا استاندارد توصیف و دسترسی به منبع (آر.دی.ای.) برای فهرست‌نویسی توصیفی منابع اطلاعاتی در محیط جدید ارائه شده و کتابخانه‌های گوناگون در سطح جهان جایگزینی آن با قواعد انگلوامریکن را در دستور کار خود قرار داده‌اند. مقاله حاضر به بررسی این تحولات در جهان با تأکید بر کتابخانه کنگره، پیشگام این عرصه، می‌پردازد. در پایان، پیشنهادهایی در رابطه با فراهم کردن زمینه به‌کارگیری آر.دی.ای. از جنبه‌های نیروی انسانی، بستر فناوری و پیشینه‌های کتابشناختی ارائه شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

استاندارد توصیف و دسترسی به منبع (آر.دی.ای.)؛ قواعد فهرست‌نویسی؛ ایران؛ سازماندهی اطلاعات؛ به کارگیری آر.دی.ای

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