پویش‌های‌امنیتی‌جدیدوگذارترکیه‌ازمجموعه‌امنیتی‌بالکان-ترکیه‌به‌مجموعه‌امنیتی‌خاورمیانه

پژوهش نامه ایرانی سیاست بین الملل

مقاله 5، دوره 6، شماره 2، بهمن 1397، صفحه 109-136   

نوع مقاله: مقالات

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jipr.v6i2.63578

نویسندگان

علی اصغر ستوده^* ؛ سید امیر نیاکویی

گیلان

چکیده

سیاست خارجی ترکیه مدرن بعد از شکل‌گیری بر مبنای گرایش به غرب بوده که با عضویت در ناتو نمود پیدا کرد. بااین‌حال، پایان جنگ سرد به شکل اساسی وابستگی‌های امنیتی ترکیه را تغییر داد. استراتژی «مشکلات صفر با همسایگان» و «عمق استراتژیک» حزب عدالت و توسعه بعد از صعود به قدرت واکنشی به این تغییرات بوده است؛ اما انقلاب‌های عربی و درنهایت منازعات داخلی سوریه و عراق به شکل اساسی باعث بازتعریف اولویت‌ها و وابستگی‌های امنیتی جدید ترکیه شده است. در این راستا، این پرسش مطرح می­شود که پویش‌های امنیتی جدید خاورمیانه، به‌ویژه منازعات داخلی سوریه و عراق، چه تأثیری بر شکل‌گیری اولویت‌ها و وابستگی‌های امنیتی جدید ترکیه داشته است؟ یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که پویش‌های امنیتی جدید خاورمیانه باعث گذار ترکیه از مجموعه امنیتی بالکان -ترکیه به مجموعه امنیتی خاورمیانه شده است و این گذار در دو دوره زمانی اتفاق افتاده است. در دوره نخست، پویش‌های جدید، فرصت‌هایی برای افزایش نقش منطقه‌ای ترکیه در رقابت با رقیبان منطقه‌ای بخصوص جمهوری اسلامی ایران ایجاد نمود؛ و در دوره دوم، منازعات داخلی سوریه و عراق پیوستگی امنیتی ترکیه را با مجموعه امنیتی خاورمیانه در چهارچوب صعود بحران کردی و بنیادگرایی اسلامی افزایش داده است. روش تحقیق در این پژوهش توصیفی و روش گردآوری داده‌ها، کتابخانه‌ای و اینترنتی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

ترکیه؛ مجموعه امنیتی خاورمیانه؛ منازعات داخلی؛ سوریه؛ عراق

مراجع

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