تأثیر تنش خشکی و شوری بر شاخص های جوانه زنی ماشک گل خوشه ای (Vicia villosa L.)

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 12، دوره 3، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 7، فروردین 1390، صفحه 121-130   

نوع مقاله: علمی - پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jag.v3i1.9977

نویسندگان

شهلا قادری؛ جمشید قربانی^* ؛ پرویز غلامی؛ آمنه کریم زاده؛ فاطمه سالاریان

چکیده

یکی از مسائل مهم در مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک کمبود آب و شوری خاک است. بنابراین انتخاب گونه های گیاهی مقاوم به شوری و خشکی بویژه در مرحله جوانه زنی بذر و سبز شدن اهمیت زیادی دارد. این تحقیق به منظور بررسی اثرات تنش شوری و خشکی بر واکنش جوانه زنی گونه ماشک گل خوشه ای (Vicia villosa L.) انجام شد. اثر غلظت های مختلف محلول شوری و خشکی بر درصد جوانه زنی، سرعت جوانه زنی، طول ساقه چه و طول ریشه چه، ضریب آلومتری و بنیه بذر بررسی شد. از شش تیمار شوری (شاهد، 50، 100، 150، 200 و 300 میلی مولار نمک NaCl) و شش تیمارخشکی (شاهد، 2/0، 4/0، 6/0، 8/0و 1 مگاپاسکال پلی اتیلن گلیکول 6000) به صورت طرح کاملاً تصادفی در چهار تکرار استفاده شد. تعداد 15 بذر در هر تکرار بر روی کاغذ صافی در داخل ژرمیناتور کشت شد. نتایج آنالیز آماری نشان داد که هر دو تنش خشکی و شوری اثر معنی داری (001/0>P) بر صفات اندازه گیری شده بذر داشته و موجب کاهش معنی دار درصد جوانه زنی، سرعت جوانه زنی، طول ساقه چه و طول ریشه چه، ضریب آلومتری و بنیه بذر شدند. جوانه زنی بذر تا سطح شوری 300 میلی مولار و سطح خشکی 2/0 مگاپاسکال مشاهده شده و در سطح شوری 400 میلی مولار و سطح خشکی 4/0 مگاپاسکال جوانه زنی متوقف شد، اما رشد ریشه چه و ساقه چه به ترتیب تا سطح شوری 200 و 100 میلی مولار مشاهده شده و در سطح 300 و 150 رشد ریشه چه و ساقه چه متوقف شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

درصد جوانه زنی؛ سرعت جوانه زنی؛ شاخص بنیه بذر؛ طول ریشه چه؛ طول ساقه چه

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