مدل‌سازی بالازدگی تونل و شریان‌های حیاتی در زمین های مستعد روانگرایی تحت بار لرزه‌ای

مهندسی عمران فردوسی

مقاله 10، دوره 27، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 17، اسفند 1394، صفحه 127-144   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/civil.v27i2.33094

نویسندگان

علیرضا باقریه^{* 1}؛ ایمان لولویی¹؛ امیرحسین باقریه²

¹دانشگاه ملایر

²دانشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی میزوری

چکیده

در بسیاری از زلزلۀ های اخیر آسیب های گسترده ای به تونل های شهری و خارج شهری وارد آمده است. یکی از عوامل بسیار مخرب در این زلزلۀ ها، پدیدۀ روانگرایی خاک می‌ باشد. روانگرایی باعث کاهش تنش مؤثر و درنتیجه کاهش مقاومت برشی می شود و این موضوع موجب ایجاد تغییر شکل های بزرگ در خاک و ساز مدفون در آن می‌گردد. روانگرایی موجب جوشش خاک، گسترش عرضی، فرونشست ساز و بالازدگی ساز مدفون می شود. در بسیاری از زلزلۀ ها بالازدگی به‌علت روانگرایی خاک اطراف ساز به‌عنوان یکی از عوامل مخرب بر تونل‌ها و ساز‌های مدفون گزارش شدۀ است. در این پژوهش رفتار تونل در زمین‌های مستعد روانگرایی مدل‌سازی شدۀ است. از تحلیل تفاضل محدود دوبعدی برای مدل‌سازی آزمایش سانتریفیوژ استفاده گردیده است. مدل رفتاری ماسۀ UBC برای مدل‌سازی رفتار ماسۀ مستعد روانگرایی در نظر گرفته شدۀ است. نتایج مدل‌سازی با اندازه‌گیری‌های صورت گرفته در آزمایش سانتریفیوژ مقایسه گردیده است و توانایی مدل برای ارزیابی پدیدۀ روانگرایی در اطراف تونل‌ها مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

شریان‌های حیاتی؛ روانگرایی؛ بالازدگی؛ زلزلۀ؛ سانتریفیوژ

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