نقش آمریکا، روسیه و اتحادیه اروپا در خاورمیانه پساناآرام عرب

پژوهش نامه ایرانی سیاست بین الملل

مقاله 4، دوره 7، شماره 2، دی 1398، صفحه 105-132   

نوع مقاله: مقالات

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jipr.v7i2.70084

نویسندگان

مهدی زیبائی^{* 1}؛ رضا سیمبر²؛ احمد جانسیز²

¹دانشگاه گیلان

²گیلان

چکیده

نظم خاورمیانه در معنای متعارف آن به دنبال ناآرامی­های عربی وارد مرحله­ای نوین شده است که از آن با عنوان نظم پساناآرامی­های عربی یاد می­شود. در این میان، نظم مذکور به‌عنوان یک کلیت متأثر از طیفی از عوامل دربرگیرنده سطوح فروملی تا فراملی است که هر یک از آن‌ها به‌طور جداگانه نیازمند تحلیل و تفحص می­باشند. تا آنجا که به موضوع نوشتار حاضر ارتباط دارد، حضور و سیاست­های بازیگران بزرگ بین­المللی تأثیر قابل‌ملاحظه‌ای در جهت­گیری نظم مورد بحث داشته است. به‌طوری‌که بازیگران مذکور با جانبداری از متحدان استراتژیک خود مانع شکل­گیری نظمی خودجوش در منطقه بوده­اند. مقاله حاضر با علم به متکثر بودن ابعاد نظم خاورمیانه در دوره یاد شده صرفاً به دنبال پاسخگویی به این سؤال است که رفتار سه بازیگر بزرگ بین­الملل: ایالات‌متحده، روسیه و اتحادیه اروپا نسبت به ناآرامی­های عربی و حوادث مرتبط با آنچه تأثیری بر نظم خاورمیانه برجا نهاده است؟ در این راستا فرض بر آن است که تغییر و تحولات خاورمیانه در دوره پسا ناآرامی عربی متأثر از عوامل مختلف (همبسته دولت-جامعه، کشمکش­های ایدئولوژیک، رقابت­های منطقه­ای و تأثیرات محیط بین­الملل) است و در این میان بازیگران عمده بین­الملل بخشی تأثیرگذار در این مجموعه به‌حساب می­آیند. با توجه به ملاحظات فوق در نوشتار پیش رو سعی خواهد شد رفتار سیاسی سه بازیگر مورد اشاره نسبت به ناآرامی­های عربی و حوادث آتی مرتبط با آن در چارچوب لایه بین­الملل نظریه جامعه­شناسی تاریخی روابط بین­الملل مورد بررسی قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

نظم فرادولتی؛ محیط بین الملل؛ ناآرامی عربی؛ خاورمیانه؛ قدرت های بزرگ

مراجع

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