Identifying and Prioritizing Factors Affecting the Process of Formation of Rural Second Homes Tourism (Case Study: Rural Complex of Javaherdeh in Ramsar)

Journal of Research and Rural Planning

مقاله 6، دوره 6، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 18، دی 2017، صفحه 125-140   

نوع مقاله: علمی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jrrp.v6i2.57684

نویسندگان

Mostafa Mohammadi^* ؛ Seyyed Mohammad Mirtaghian Rudsari

Mazandaran University

چکیده

Extended Abstract
1. INTRODUCTION
Tourism acts within the framework of certain spatial patterns; one of these patterns is rural tourism that is considered as the most popular form of tourism. The most important and the most common form of tourism in rural areas is second homes tourism. Generally, second home tourism is consistent with the tourism motivation and patterns and is related to the need for recreation and travel to different locations. Mostly, second homes tourists seek to meet several needs at the same time; because they have different motivations. Although it is possible in circumstance, one of these factors affects as the main factor, but usually in second homes, several or all of these factors are important affecting items.
2. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
During the past three decades, second home tourism has become a topic for study by researchers in disciplines such as geography, tourism planning, economics and sociology. This research has focused on relation between second home tourists and residents of rural environment. One of the ways to identify second home tourism motivations, is understanding the factors related to tourism, namely driving pull and push factors.
The study of second home tourists' motivations, is important because of the impacts on rural areas. Therefore, the aim of the research is to identify and prioritize the factors affecting second home tourists' motivations in Javaherdeh Ramsar as a mountain village which this phenomenon (second home tourism) has taken shape there for many years.
3. METHODOLOGY
This study is a functional, descriptive and exploratory research. Geographic scope of this study encompasses the Rural Complex of Javaherdeh in Ramsar and the time domain has been in the spring, summer and autumn 1394 (2015). The population consisted of second homes tourists in the village as well as tourism professionals and geographical experts. Sampling was judgmental and the number of 334 people was selected. For experts in form of Delphi, the number of 30 individuals was determined. Data were collected through questionnaires. The validity was checked through the content validity and reliability by Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α=0.9) and it was approved. Analysis of the data was performed by the coefficient of variation to prioritize and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) to dimension reduction by SPSS23 software.
4. DISCUSSION
prioritizing of the push factor of second homes tourism from the rural tourists perspective of Javaherdeh Ramsar indicated that the highest priority respectively is related to increase leisure time, increase income and financial strength, to escape the monotony and routines, dignity and social status, attachment to the place, acquisition of vehicles, provision of retirement days, willingness to invest, to avoid pollution of urban, environmentalism attitude, following fashion behavior, change in cultural attitudes, migration and modernity (recognition and search for new experiences).
Also, prioritizing of the pull factor from the perspective of second homes tourists of Javaherdeh Ramsar showed that the highest priority respectively is related to pleasant climate, positive image of the destination, the distance between primary residences and second homes, attractions, natural landscapes, access to the attractions and landscapes, tranquility of environment, ease in ownership of housing, ease of access, openness culture of residents, social capital of destination, convenient transportation system, proximity to urban centers, prices, development of infrastructure and superstructure, similarity and closeness of residents’ culture.
In next section of results, by using exploratory factor analysis, after the second home tourism motivational factors decreased to seven dimensions (with 67.55%), Which includes dimensions of tourists’ economic status, mental and practical attitude to leisure, psychological-social factors (related to push factor) and the nature and climate of the destination, features of destination, distance and access, and social development of destination (related to pull factor).
5. CONCLUSION
In leisure and tourism studies, always, motivation has been of particular importance. Mostly, second homes tourists seek to meet several needs at the same time; because their tourisms’ acts do not originate from unique motivations. Although it is possible in a circumstance, one of these factors affect as the main factor, but usually in the second homes, several or all of these factors affect in collection of interlocked.
Prioritizing of pull factor of second homes tourism from perspective of tourist showed that the component of the "to increase leisure time" is the highest priority and "modernity (recognition and search for new experiences)" is the lowest priority. Also, prioritizing of pull factor of second homes tourism from perspective of tourist indicated that the component of the "pleasant climate" is the highest priority and "similarity and closeness of resident’s culture" is the lowest priority.
In order to evaluate the motivational factors (pull and push factors) second home tourism, the percentage share of each factors of eigenvalues of the variance have been determined in the pull and push factors. From the values would appear that from total factors, 59.3% are related to push factor and 40.7% are related to pull factor. From this model can be received that values of second homes tourists' motivations in the village of Javaherdeh in push factors has been more than pull factors.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Second home tourism؛ motivational factors؛ pull factors؛ push factors؛ Ramsars’ Rural Complex of Javaherdeh

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