Effect of drought stress on some morphophysiological traits and chlorophyll fluorescence of red bean seedlings (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

Article 6, Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2014, Pages 103-116   

Document Type: Original Articles

DOI: 10.22067/ijpr.v1393i1.46210

Authors

Masomeh Sadat Rasti Sani^{* 1}; Mehrdad Lahouti²; Ali Ganjeali²

¹Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

²Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

Abstract

Drought is one of the most important factors limiting growth and yield in many parts of the world. In order to evaluate the effects of drought stress on some morphological and physiological traits of two cultivars of bean, two red beans (Derakhshan and Goli) in four drought treatments including 25%, 50%, 75%, control 100% field capacity were studied in a factorial experiment based on complete randomized design with three replications. Results showed that morphological traits inducing plant height, leaf area, root area, total root length and shoot and root dry weight were significantly (p≤0.01) decreased under drought stress. So, results showed that physiological traits such as leaf relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI), PSΙΙ photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), and quantum yield of photosynthesis (Y) were significantly declined under drought stress (p≤0.01). But, stomatal resistance and chlorophyll index (SPAD) significantly increased in bean seedlings under drought stress (p≤0.01). The root to shoot ratio was increased further in Derakhshan cultivar in severe stress than control. RWC, MSI, and Fv/Fm showed a greater reduction in severe stress than control in Goli cultivar. Results showed that probably Derakhshan cultivar was affected fewer by drought stress, by means of applying drought tolerance different mechanisms than that of Goli cultivar. The Derakhshan cultivar in most physiological traits, was not represent significant differences between 75% of field capacity and control.

Keywords

Bean; Chlorophyll fluorescence; Drought stress; Morphological and Physiological traits

References

1. Ahmed, S., Nawata, E., Hosokawa, M., Domae, Y., and Sakuratani, T. 2002. Alterations in photosynthesis and some antioxidant enzymatic activities of mung bean subjected to water logging. Plant Science 163: 117-123.

2. Antolin, M.C., Yoller, J., and Sanchez-Diaz, M. 1995. Effects of temporary drought on nitrate-fed and nitrogen-fixing alfalfa plants. Plant Science 107: 159-165.

3. Ashraf, M., and Iram, A. 2005. Drought stress induced changes in some organic substances in nodules and other plant parts of two potential legumes differing in salt tolerance. Flora 200: 446-535.

4. Bhatt, R.M., and Srinivasa Rao, N.K. 2005. Influence of pod load on response of okra to water stress. Indian J. Plant Physiol. 10: 54-59.

5. Bian, Sh., and Jiang, Y. 2009. Reactive oxygen species, antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expression patterns in leaves and roots of Kentucky bluegrass in response to drought stress and recovery. Scientia Horticulturae 120: 264-270.

6. Ebrahimi, M., Bihamta, M., Hosein zade, A.A., Khialparast, F., and Golbashi, M. 2010. Evaluation reaction yield and yield components of white bean genotypes under water stress conditions. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research 8: 347-358. (In Persian).

7. Elshazly, M.S., and Warboys, I.B. 1989. The use of transparent flexible tubes for studying the root extension and elongation of beans (Vicia faba). J. Experimental. Agriculture 25: 35-37.

8. Farooq, M., Wahid, A., Kobayashi, N., Fujita, D., and Basra, S.M.A. 2009. Plant drought stress: effects, mechanisms and management. Agron. Sustain. Dev. 29: 185-212.

9. Ganjeali, A., and Bagheri, A. 2011. Evaluation of morphological characteristics of root chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in response to drought stress. Iranian Journal of Pulses Research 1: 101-110. (In Persian with English Summary).

10. Ghobadi, M., Khosravi, S., Kahrizi, D., and Shirvani, F. 2011. Study of water relations, chlorophyll and their correlations with grain yield in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 78: 582-585.

11. Hayat, S., and Ahmad, A. 2007. Salicylic Acid a Plant Hormone. Springer. P. 97-99.

12. Jaleel, C.A., Manivannan, P., and Lakshmanan, G.M.A. 2008. Alterations in morphological parameters and photosynthetic pigment responses of Catharanthus roseus under soil water deficits. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 61: 298-303.

13. Jaleel, C.A., Manivannan, P., Wahid, A., Farooq, M., Somasundaram, R., and Panneerselvam, R. 2009. Drought stress in plants: a review on morphological characteristics and pigments composition. Int. J. Agric. Biol. 11: 100-105.

14. Kanemasu, E.T., and Tanner, C.B. 1969. Stomatal diffusion resistance of snap beans. I. Influence of leaf-water potential. Plant Physiol. 44: 1547-1552.

15. Kanemasu, E.T., An-Jen Chen, Powers, W.L., and Teare, I.D. 1973. Stomatal resistance as an indicator of water stress. Transcation of the Kansas Academy of Science 76: 159-163.

16. Kumar, A., and Purohit, S.S. 2001. Plant Physiology Fundamentals and Applications. Second Enlarged Edition. Agrobios (India).

17. Kusaka, M., Lalusin, A.G., and Fujimura, T. 2005. The maintenance of growth and turgor in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) Leeke) cultivars with different root structures and osmo-regulation under drought stress. Plant Sci. 168: 1-14.

18. Lu, C., and Zhang, J. 1998. Effects of water stress on photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence and photoinhibitation in wheat plants. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 25: 883.

19. Machado, S., and Paulsen, G.M. 2001. Combined effects of drought and high temperature on water relations of wheat and sorghum. Plant and Soil 223: 179-187.

20. Majnon Hoseini, N. 1996. Grains in Iran. Jahad Publisher Institute Affiliated to University Jahad. Tehran. p. 240. (In Persian).

21. Netto, A.T., Campostrini, E., Oliveira, J.G., and Bressan-Smith, R.E. 2005. Photosynthetic pigments, nitrogen, chlorophyll a florescence and SPAD readings in coffee leaves. Scientia Horticulture 104: 199-209.

22. Pagter, M., Bragato, C., and Brix, H. 2005. Tolerance and physiological responses of phragmites Australia to water deficit. Aquatic Bot. 81: 285-299.

23. Piper, F.I., Corcuera, L.J., Alberdi, M., and Lusk, C. 2007. Differential photosynthetic and survival responses to soil drought in two evergreen Nothofagus species. Science 64: 447-452.

24. Rahbarian, R., Khavari-nejad, R.A., Ganjeali, A., Bagheri A.R., and Najafi, F. 2011. Drought stress effects on photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence and water relations in tolerant and susceptible chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes. ACTA Biological Cracoviensia Series Botanica 53: 47-56.

25. Sairam, R.K., and Saxena, D.C. 2000. Oxidative stress and antioxidant in wheat genotypes: possible mechanism of water stress tolerance. J. Agronomy and Crop Sci. 184: 55-61.

26. Salehi, M., Nassiri Mahallati, M., and Koocheki, A. 2003. Leaf nitrogen and chlorophyll as indicators for salt stress. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research 1: 199-205. (In Persian with English Summary).

27. Salehpour, M., Ebadi, A., Izadi, M., and Jamaati-e-Somarin Sh. 2009. Evaluation of water stress and nitrogen fertilizer effects on relative water content, membrane stability index, chlorophyll and some other traits of lentils (Lens culinaris L.) under hydroponics conditions. Research Journal of Environmental Sciences 3: 103-109.

28. Schonfeld, M.A., Johnson, R.C., Carver, B.F., and Mornhinweg, D.W. 1988. Water relations in winter wheat as drought resistance indicators. Crop Sci. 28: 526-531.

29. Shanahan, J.F., Edwards, I.B., Quick, J.S., and Fenwick, J.R. 1990. Membrane thermostability and heat tolerance of spring wheat. Crop Science 30: 247-251.

30. Sikuku P.A., Netondo, G.W., Onyango, J.C., and Musyimi, D.M. 2010. Effects of water deficit on physiology and morphology of three varieties of NERICA rainfed rice (Oryza sativa L.). ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science 5: 23-28.

31. Singh. D.N., Massod Ali R.I., and Basu, P.S. 2000. Genetic variation in dry matter partitioning in shoot and root influnces of chickpea to drought. 3rd International Crop Science Congress.

32. Tezara, W., Mitchel, V., Driscul, S.P., and Lawlor, D.W. 2002. Effects of water deficit and its interaction with CO2 supply on the biochemistry and physiology of photosynthesis in sunflower. Exp. Bot. 53: 1781-1791.

33. Tilahun, A., and Sven, S. 2003. Mechanisms of drought resistance in grain: PSII stomatal regulation and root growth. Ethiopian Journal of Science 26: 137-144.

34. Turkan, I., Melike, B., Ozdemir, F., and Koca, H. 2005. Differential response of lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in the leaves of drought-tolerant P. acutifolius gray and drought-sensitive

P. vulgaris L. subjected to polyethylene glycol mediated water stress. Plant Sci. 168: 223-231.

35. Yadav, R.S., and Bhushan, C. 2001. Effect of moisture stress on growth and yield in rice genotype. Indian J. of Agric. Res. 2: 104-107.

36. Zabet, M., Hosein zade, A.H., Ahmadi, A., and Khialparast, F. 2003. Effect of water stress on different traits and determination of the best water stress index in mung bean (Vigna radiata). Iranian, J. Agric. Sci. 34: 889-898. (In Persian with English Summary).

37. Zlatev, Z.S., and Yordanov, I.T. 2004. Effects of soil drought on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence in bean plants. Bulg. J. Plant Physiol. 30: 3-18.