فرهنگ استراتژیک و سیاست خارجی پاکستان در قبال افغانستان

پژوهش نامه ایرانی سیاست بین الملل

مقاله 11، دوره 9، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 17، اسفند 1399، صفحه 269-294   

نوع مقاله: مقالات

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijip.v9i1.86660

نویسندگان

علیرضا خداقلیپور¹؛ فریده محمدعلی‌پور^{* 2}؛ محمدولی مدرس²

¹خوارزمی

²دانشگاه خوارزمی تهران

چکیده

افغانستان همواره یکی از بسترهای مهم بازی بزرگ بین‌المللی میان قدرت‌های مهم منطقه‌ای و بین‌المللی بوده و طی چهار دهه گذشته به عنوان یکی از بحران‌خیز ترین کشورهای جهان، همواره در شمار مهم‌ترین کانون‌های مورد توجه جامعه بین‌المللی قرار داشته است. در مورد علل تطویل بحران در افغانستان، بحث‌های زیادی مطرح شده است. اما در همه این دیدگاه‌ها و عوامل، یک عنصر ثابت وجود دارد و آن پاکستان، به عنوان کشور همسایه با اشتراکات متعدد قومی، فرهنگی و مذهبی، است که با هدایت ارتش خود، حداقل طی چهار دهه گذشته و در مقاطع مختلف تحولات سیاسی و اجتماعی افغانستان، پررنگ‌ترین نقش را بازی کرده است.
این مقاله در پی آن است تا با نظرداشت مولفه های شکل دهنده به مبانی هویتی پاکستان به این پرسش پاسخ دهد که فرهنگ استراتژیک (ارتش) پاکستان بر سیاست خارجی آن کشور در قبال افغانستان چه/چگونه تاثیری داشته است؟ فرضیه مقاله عبارت است از اینکه که ارتش پاکستان چنان فرهنگ استراتژیک خود را در سیاست خارجی این کشور نهادینه ساخته که امنیت ملی و بقای خود را در کنترل و نفوذ بر افغانستان می‌بیند. یافته‌های مقاله حکایت از آن دارد که افغانستان و هند دو عنصر اساسی در فرهنگ استراتژیک پاکستان به شمار می‌روند که پاکستان با توجه به ویژگی‌ها و نقائص خود از زمان تأسیس، نیاز به مدیریت آنها دارد. این مقاله از نوع تبیینی بوده و داده‌های مورد نیاز به روش کتابخانه‌ای جمع آوری شده‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

سیاست خارجی؛ فرهنگ استراتژیک؛ تشکیلات (ارتش)؛ افغانستان؛ پاکستان

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