کاربرد تلفیقی کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد لوبیا (Phaseolus vulgaris) در شرایط آب و هوایی شهرستان رشت

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

مقاله 2، دوره 6، شماره 1، آبان 1394، صفحه 21-31   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijpr.v1394i1.26761

نویسندگان

غلامرضا محسن‌آبادی^* ؛ حسان صابری؛ مجید مجیدیان؛ سید محمد رضا احتشامی

دانشگاه گیلان

چکیده

این تحقیق با هدف کاهش مصرف کودهای شیمیایی، با تلفیق کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی در زراعت لوبیا در منطقه رشت، در سال زراعی 1391 انجام شد. قالب آزمایش بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 12 تیمار و سه تکرار بود. تیمارها شامل: 1- شاهد (بدون کود)، 2- کود شیمیایی (نیتروژن و فسفر) و تیمارهای تلفیقی کودهای بیولوژیک شامل جنس‌های sp Bacillus، Pseudomonas sp و Rhizobium sp با کودهای شیمیایی نیتروژن و فسفر به‌صورت 3- رایزوبیوم + سودوموناس و باسیلوس (بیولوژیک) + 100 درصد فسفر، 4- (بیولوژیک)، 5- (بیولوژیک) + 25% فسفر، 6- (بیولوژیک) +50% فسفر، 7- (بیولوژیک) + 75% فسفر، 8- نیتروژن + سودوموناس و باسیلوس + 100% فسفر، 9- نیتروژن+ سودوموناس و باسیلوس10- نیتروژن + سودوموناس و باسیلوس+ 25% فسفر، 11- نیتروژن + سودوموناس و باسیلوس+ 50% فسفر و 12- نیتروژن + سودوموناس و باسیلوس + 75% فسفر بود. نتایج نشان داد تیمارهای آزمایشی اثر معنی‌دار بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و درصد پروتئین داشتند. مقایسه میانگین‌ها نشان داد تیمار حاوی کودهای بیولوژیک+50 درصد کود فسفر و کود شیمیایی نیتروژن (تیمار 8) مناسبتربن تیمار بود که با تیمارهای 100 درصد کود شیمیایی و کود بیولوژیک (تیمارهای 8 و 12) تفاوت معنی‌داری نداشت. سایر صفات کمی و کیفی در تیمارهای فوق نسبت به شاهد برتری داشتند. نهایتاً نتایج نشان داد امکان تلفیق کودهای زیستی فسفر با کود شیمیایی فسفر در این شرایط برای تأمین فسفر مورد نیاز محصول وجود دارد. اما کود ریزوبیوم در شرایط این منطقه کارایی مناسبی نداشت و تولید در تیمار ریزوبیوم نسبت به کود شیمیایی، کاهش یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

پروتئین؛ فسفر؛ کود زیستی؛ لوبیا؛ نیتروژن

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