کالیبراسیون آزمون تسریع پیری به عنوان یک آزمون قدرت بذر برای پیش بینی سبزشدن گیاه نخود (Cicer arietinum L.) در شرایط مزرعه

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

مقاله 2، دوره 7، شماره 1، خرداد 1395، صفحه 9-24   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijpr.v7i1.33894

نویسندگان

پروین بیات؛ مختار قبادی^* ؛ محمداقبال قبادی؛ غلامرضا محمدی

دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه

چکیده

کاهش رشد رویشی یکی از پیامدهای زوال بذر است که ممکن است، سبب کاهش عملکرد گیاه شود. در این تحقیق، ضمن ارزیابی بنیۀبذر توده‏های مختلف بذر نخود متعلقبه دو تیپ کابلی و دسی، همبستگی صفات مرتبط با بنیۀبذر با درصد و سرعت سبزشدن گیاهچه در مزرعه تعیین گردید. این تحقیق در سال 1391 در قالب دو آزمایش در آزمایشگاه و مزرعه پردیس کشاورزی و منابعطبیعی دانشگاه رازی انجام شد. در آزمایشگاه، تیمارهای مختلف پیریتسریعشده (دما و مدتزمان)، شامل دماهای 41، 43 و 45درجه سانتیگراد و بهمدتزمانهای صفر (شاهد)، 48، 72، 96، 120 و 144ساعت روی 13توده نخود اعمال شد. در مزرعه نیز 13 توده بذر مختلف نخود در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با چهارتکرار کشت شدند. تجزیه واریانس دادهها در آزمایشگاه نشانداد که تمامی اثرات ساده و متقابل مربوط به تیمارهای تودهبذر و سطوح پیری بر روی کلیه صفات اندازهگیریشده، بهجز کارآیی استفاده از ذخایر بذر معنیدار بود. هم‌چنین سطوح مختلف پیریتسریعشده تأثیر معنیداری بر خصوصیات جوانه‌زنی نخود داشت، بهطوریکه با افزایش دما و مدتزمان پیری خصوصیات جوانه‌زنی بهشدت کاهشیافت. مقایسه میانگین دادهها در آزمایشگاه و مزرعه نشانداد، توده‌های بذر جدید نسبت به قدیم از خصوصیات جوانه‌زنی و بنیۀبذر بالاتری برخوردار بودند. طول ریشهچه و وزن خشک ساقهچه در آزمون پیریتسریعشده تحت دمای 43درجه سانتیگراد بهمدت 72ساعت از همبستگی بالاتری با هر دو ویژگی درصد و سرعت سبزشدن گیاهچه در مزرعه برخوردار بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

بنیۀبذر؛ توده بذر؛ جوانه‌زنی؛ زوال؛ سبزشدن گیاهچه

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