نقش بانک مرکزی در ایجاد سیکل‏های تجاری در اقتصاد ایران

اقتصاد پولی مالی

مقاله 1، دوره 25، شماره 16، آبان 1397، صفحه 1-32   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/pm.v25i15.53296

نویسندگان

ابراهیم گرجی بندپی^* ؛ فرزانه انواری رستمکلائی

دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

هدف این تحقیق، بررسی نقش بانک مرکزی و سیاست‏های پولی در وقوع سیکل‎های تجاری در اقتصاد ایران است. تأثیر سیاست‏های پولی بر سیکل‏های تجاری و اثر سیاست پولی بر پویایی‏های آن‏ها، مرحله کلیدی درک نقش بازارهای پولی در اقتصاد است. برای این منظور با استفاده از اطلاعات دوره زمانی1370-1392 با تواتر داده‏های فصلی ابتدا با استفاده از فیلتر‏های اقتصادی به استخراج سیکل‏های تولید ناخالص داخلی و نقدینگی پرداخته شد؛ سپس با استفاده از روش خودرگرسیون برداری و ابزارهای تحلیلی آن نشان داده شد که نوسانات نقدینگی نسبت به نوسانات تولید پیشرو است. مسأله مهم و محوری تمامی اقتصادهای مدرن و امروزی وجود پدیده سیکل‏های‌ تجاری و یا نوسانات اقتصادی است. پیدایش چنین سیکل‏های تجاری در بسیاری از موارد باعث بروز مشکلاتی برای اقتصادها گشته و دورانی از شرایط تورمی و یا رکودی ناخواسته را برای آن‏ها به‌وجود آورده که خود ممکن است منتج به شرایط ناگوار دیگری برای اقتصاد گردد. در نتیجه، به‌نظر می‌رسد مطالعه این پدیده، بررسی علل به‌وجود آمدن آن و چگونگی از بین بردن آن از مهم‏ترین دغدغه‌های سیاستگذاران اقتصادی هر کشوری به‌شمار می‌آید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

سیکل تجاری؛ نقدینگی؛ سیاست پولی؛ مدل خودرگرسیون برداری

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