اثر سطوح اسید هیومیک بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد لوبیا لیما (Phaseolus lunatus L.) در شرایط تنش خشکی

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

مقاله 12، دوره 7، شماره 2، بهمن 1395، صفحه 175-187   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijpr.v7i2.46533

نویسندگان

صدیقه بهشتی¹؛ علی تدین^{* 1}؛ سیف اله فلاح²

¹دانشگاه شهرکرد

²شهرکرد

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر سطوح مختلف تنش خشکی و محلول‌پاشی اسید ‌هیومیک بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد لوبیا لیما آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خُرد‌شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه‌تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه شهرکرد در سال زراعی 93-1392 اجرا شد. فاکتور اصلی شامل چهارسطح مختلف تنش خشکی (50، 70، 90 و 110‌ میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک‌تبخیر کلاس A) و فاکتور فرعی شامل محلول‌پاشی چهارسطح اسید‌ هیومیک (صفر، 1، 3 و 6‌ لیتر در هکتار) بود. در این آزمایش صفات تعداد غلاف در بوته، طول، عرض و وزن غلاف، تعداد دانه در غلاف، وزن صد‌دانه، عملکرد دانه و شاخص برداشت مورد‌بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان‌داد تنش خشکی باعث کاهش معنی‌دار همة صفات مورد‌بررسی به‌جُز عرض غلاف گردید. اسید هیومیک نیز باعث افزایش معنی‌دار تعداد غلاف، طول غلاف، وزن صد‌دانه، عملکرد و شاخص‌ برداشت گردید؛ درحالی‌که بر عرض و وزن غلاف و تعداد دانه در غلاف تأثیر معنی‌داری نداشت. اثر متقابل تنش خشکی و محلول‌پاشی اسید‌ هیومیک بر تعداد غلاف، وزن صد‌دانه، عملکرد و شاخص برداشت معنی‌دار بود، ولی در سایر صفات تفاوت معنی‌داری ایجاد نکرد. استفاده از اسید هیومیک در شرایط تنش خشکی (70میلی‌متر تبخیر) در نهایت باعث افزایش عملکرد (46‌درصد) و شاخص برداشت (18درصد) گردید. این افزایش برآیند افزایش تعداد غلاف (متعاقباً افزایش تعداد دانه در بوته) و وزن دانه‌هاست که از مهم‌ترین صفات مورد‌توجه در گیاهان دانه‌ای محسوب می‌شوند.

واژه‌های کلیدی: شاخص برداشت، کم‌آبیاری، محلول‌پاشی، مواد آلی

کلیدواژه‌ها

شاخص برداشت؛ کم‌آبیاری؛ محلول‌پاشی؛ مواد آلی

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