تأثیر قارچ مایکوریز، باکتری سودوموناس و اسید‌هیومیک بر شاخص‌های رشدی لوبیا (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

مقاله 5، دوره 8، شماره 1، شهریور 1396، صفحه 97-112   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijpr.v8i1.50327

نویسندگان

ندا جدیدالااسلام^{* 1}؛ شاهین شاهسونی²؛ شاهرخ قرنجیک²

¹دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود

²دانشگاه شاهرود

چکیده

لوبیا یکی از حبوبات مهم است که به‌صورت مستقیم مورد استفاده انسان قرار گرفته و این محصول با داشتن حدود 22 در‌صد پروتئین و 50 تا 60‌در‌صد کربوهیدرات، ارزش غذایی بالایی دارد. کودهای بیولوژیک (مایع، جامد یا نیمه‌جامد) حاوی یک یا چند‌گونه میکروارگانیسم خاص بوده و باعث گسترش بیشتر و بهتر سیستم ریشه‌ای و جذب بهتر عناصر و در نتیجه رشد بیشتر گیاه شده و با بالا‌بردن کمی و کیفی اجزای عملکرد گیاهان، موجب افزایش عملکرد می‌شوند. به‌منظور بررسی اثر قارچ میکوریز و باکتری سودوموناس به‌عنوان کود‌های زیستی و اسید‌هیومیک بر عملکرد گیاه لوبیا آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل با دو سطح قارچ (M0: عدم مایه‌زنی با قارچ، M1: مایه‌زنی با قارچ Glomusetunicatum)، دو سطح باکتری (S0: عدم مایه‌زنی با باکتری و S1: مایه‌زنی با باکتری Pseudomonas putida) و سه سطح اسید‌هیومیک (H0: عدم مصرف اسید‌هیومیک، H1: مصرف 200‌میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم، H2: مصرف 400‌میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم) در پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس داده‌ها نشان داد که ترکیب دو کود زیستی باکتری و قارچ میکوریز باعث افزایش معنی‌دار در وزن دانه و تعداد دانه در غلاف شد. کاربرد مایه‌زنی گیاه لوبیا با قارچ
Glomus etunicatum میزان عملکرد دانه را به‌طور متوسط 82/2‌درصد نسبت به تیمار شاهد افزایش داد. نتایج آزمایش به‌طورکلی نشان داد که تیمارهای اعمال‌شده بر اکثر خصوصیات صفات زراعی لوبیا تأثیر مثبت داشتند و اسید‌هیومیک توانست به‌طور مستقیم اثرات مثبتی بر رشد گیاه بگذارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اسید‌هیومیک؛ قارچ میکوریز؛ لوبیا؛ Pseudomonas putida

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