تأثیر امواج فراصوت و پرایمینگ بذر در تلفیق با مدیریت علف‌های‌هرز بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد لوبیا چشم‌بلبلی (L. Vigna sinensis)

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

مقاله 6، دوره 8، شماره 2، اردیبهشت 1396، صفحه 126-140   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijpr.v8i2.53957

نویسندگان

عباس نصیری دهسرخی¹؛ حسن مکاریان^{* 2}؛ منوچهر قلی پور¹؛ حمید عباس دخت³

¹صنعتی شاهرود

²دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود

³دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر امواج فراصوت و پرایمینگ بذر بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد لوبیا چشم‌بلبلی رقم محلی بسطامی در رقابت با علف‌های‌هرز، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در مزرعه دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود در سال1393 اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل امواج اولتراسونیک (فرکانس‌ kHz20) + عدم وجین، امواج اولتراسونیک + وجین (تمام‌فصل)، امواج اولتراسونیک + علف‌کش تریفلورالین (48درصدEC ) با دوز کاهش‌یافته (یک لیتر در هکتار)، امواج اولتراسونیک + تریفلورالین با دوز توصیه‌شده (2 لیتر در هکتار)، هیدروپرایمینگ (به‌مدت هفت ساعت) + عدم وجین، هیدروپرایمینگ+‌وجین، هیدروپرایمینگ‌+‌علف‌کش تریفلورالین با دوز کاهش‌یافته، هیدروپرایمینگ‌+‌علف‌کش تریفلورالین با دوز توصیه‌شده، عدم وجین، وجین تمام‌فصل، علف‌کش تریفلورالین با دوز توصیه‌شده و علف‌کش تریفلورالین با دوز کاهش‌یافته بودند. نتایج نشان داد کاربرد تیمارهای امواج اولتراسونیک و پرایمینگ در ترکیب با دوز کاهش‌یافته علف‌کش تریفلورالین توانست به‌اندازه دوز کامل این علف‌کش، تراکم و وزن خشک علف‌های‌هرز را کاهش و عملکرد دانه لوبیا را افزایش دهد. تیمار ترکیبی امواج اولتراسونیک‌+‌وجین تمام‌فصل علف‌هرز، عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک لوبیا را به‌ترتیب 62 و 3/52‌درصد نسبت به تیمار عدم وجین افزایش داد. همچنین کاربرد هیدروپرایمینگ‌+‌علف‌کش کاهش‌یافته و امواج اولتراسونیک‌+‌علف‌کش کاهش‌یافته به‌ترتیب سبب کاهش 61 و 5/46‌درصدی زیست‌توده کل علف‌های‌هرز نسبت به تیمار کاربرد علف‌کش با دوز کاهش‌یافته به‌تنهایی گردید. بر اساس نتایج این آزمایش با کاربرد امواج اولتراسونیک و همچنین پرایمینگ در تلفیق با دوز کاهش‌یافته علف‌کش تریفلورالین می‌توان ضمن کاهش معنی‌دار وزن خشک علف‌های‌هرز، عملکردی معادل تیمار وجین تمام‌فصل یا مصرف دوز کامل علف‌کش به‌دست آورد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

استقرار اولیه؛ تریفلورالین؛ مدیریت تلفیقی علف‌هرز

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