تأثیر تغذیه برگی میکرو و نانو ذرات عنصر روی بر برخی صفات رشدی و کیفی ماش (Vigna radiata L.) در شرایط تنش خشکی

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

مقاله 7، دوره 8، شماره 2، اردیبهشت 1396، صفحه 166-180   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijpr.v8i2.51644

نویسندگان

حسن مکاریان^{* 1}؛ حسن شجاعی²؛ علی دماوندی²؛ عباس نصیری دهسرخی³؛ احمد اخیانی⁴

¹دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

²دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد دامغان

³دانشگاه شاهرود

⁴تهران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثرات محلول‌پاشی عنصر روی بر رشد و عملکرد ماش تحت تأثیر تنش آب، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خُرد‌شده در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی شاهرود در سال زراعی 91-1390 انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل تنش کم‌آبی در دو سطح: یک نوبت قطع آبیاری در مرحله50درصد گلدهی، یک نوبت قطع آبیاری در مرحله50درصد غلافدهی و شاهد (آبیاری کامل)، به‌عنوان کرت اصلی و تیمارهای محلول‌پاشی عنصر روی در کرت‌های فرعی در چهار سطح پنج و 10‌گرم در لیتر نانو اکسید روی (Nano-ZnO) و پنج و 10‌گرم در لیتر اکسید روی (Zno) و شاهد (بدون محلول‌پاشی) بودند. نتایج نشان داد محلول‌پاشی عنصر روی به شکل‌های معمولی و نانو، ارتفاع گیاه، محتوای پرولین و عملکرد بیولوژیک و دانه را در حالت تنش خشکی و عدم تنش خشکی به‌طور معنی‌داری افزایش داد. بیشترین تأثیر عنصر روی بر گیاه به‌ترتیب مربوط به کاربرد 10‌گرم نانواکسید روی، 10‌گرم اکسیدروی، پنج گرم نانو اکسید روی و پنج گرم اکسید روی بود. محلول‌پاشی با 10‌گرم نانو ذرات اکسید روی در شرایط عدم تنش، تنش در گلدهی و غلافدهی به‌ترتیب باعث افزایش 6/6 ، 6/3 و 4/5‌درصدی عملکرد نسبت به عدم کاربرد آن گردید. بر اساس نتایج این پژوهش، محلول‌پاشی عنصر روی به‌صورت نانو ذرات نسبت به اکسید روی معمولی تأثیر بیشتری بر کاهش اثرات تنش خشکی در گیاه ماش نشان داد

کلیدواژه‌ها

تنش کم‌آبی؛ عملکرد دانه؛ محتوای پرولین

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