مولفه‌های احساس تنهایی مرتبط با دوستان در دختران نوجوان: پژوهش پدیدارشناسی

پژوهش های روان شناسی بالینی و مشاوره

مقاله 2، دوره 9، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 17، شهریور 1398، صفحه 18-34   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijap.v9i1.73145

نویسندگان

ندا مهراندیش^{* 1}؛ حسین سلیمی بجستانی²؛ معصومه اسمعیلی²

¹دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی

²دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی

چکیده

هدف: هدف پژوهش حاضر تعیین مولفه­ های احساس تنهایی در ارتباط با دوستان در نوجوانان دختر بر اساس تجارب زیسته‌ی آنان است.
روش: پژوهش حاضر، از نوع کیفی و پدیدارشناسانه است. نمونه‏ گیری به صورت هدفمند بود، به این صورت که 135 پرسشنامه‏ احساس تنهایی UCLA بر روی نوجوانان دختر با میانگین سنی 16 سال اجرا شد و 30 نفر از افرادی که نمرات بالای 50 در احساس تنهایی داشتند به عنوان جامعه پژوهش انتخاب شدند. ابزار اصلی پژوهش مصاحبه بود، پس از 15 مصاحبه و کدگذاری با استفاده از نظریه‌ی زمینه ای، داده ها به اشباع رسید.
یافته ها: مولفه ‏های احساس تنهایی در ارتباط با دوستان در دختران نوجوان به ترتیب عبارت بود از: 1) احساس مورد پذیرش نبودن و عدم تعلق به گروه دوستی 2) عدم آرامش و داشتن مرزهای سخت در ارتباط با دوستان 3) کمیت و کیفیت پایین دوستی 4) اهمیت ارزشیابی دوستان و همسالان 5) زمینه ‏های باز دارنده­ی ارتباطی. نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان می‏دهد که سوگیری‌های شناختی مرتبط با رشد شناختی دوره‌ی نوجوانی و همچنین عواملی چون ناتوانی در برقراری ارتباط موثر با دوستان و عموماً بی اعتمادی است که انگیزه‌ی ارتباط مجدد را در نوجوانِ‌تنها تحت تاثیر قرار می‏دهد و باعث دور شدن هرچه بیشتر نوجوان از دوستان و پیشروی به سوی احساس تنهایی مزمن می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

احساس تنهایی؛ دختران نوجوان؛ دوستان همکلاسی

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