Potential Assessment of Wind Power as a Source of Electricity Production in the City of Parsabad, Iran

ماشین های کشاورزی

Article 17, Volume 8, Issue 2 - Serial Number 16, 2018, Pages 449-461   

Document Type: Research Article

DOI: 10.22067/jam.v8i2.64742

Authors

F. Keyhani Nasab; T. Mesri Gundoshmian^* ; Sh. Zargar Ershadi

Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

Abstract

Introduction
Considering the low cost of the wind power production and its relatively good compatibility with the environment, wind farms have shown extensive growth in the past few years. Considering the importance of using the wind power and its advantages, the careful planning is needed to identify the available generation potentials in a region or a country to facilitate its increased use. By the end of 2009, the capacity of wind turbines installed in the wind farms of Iran was 92 MW, which demonstrates the significant potential for additional wind farms in the country and suggests investments in the wind power industry are likely cost effective. The main purpose of this research is to assess the potential of wind power for the city of Pars Abad in northwestern Iran.

Materials and Methods
In order to measure wind power density and wind energy potential, wind speed data collected every 3 hours at a height of 30 m above the ground for 11 consecutive years are analyzed; the data are provided by the Iranian Meteorological Organization and are used in the assessment of electricity production potential in the area chosen for the wind turbines installation. To determine the wind energy potential at a site and estimate the energy output from this site, statistical functions like probability functions are used. There are many probability functions but the Weibull distribution function is usually considered the most useful function for wind speed data analysis due to its simplicity and good accuracy. The Weibull probability density function is defined with two parameters of k and c as follows:
(1) f (v) = k/(c ) 〖( v/c )〗^(k-1) exp (- 〖( v/c )〗^k )
After calculating the Weibull function parameters, status of a location for wind energy potential can be assessed. A good way to assess the available wind resources is by calculation of the wind power density. This parameter indicates how much energy can be converted to electricity at a site and can be calculated as follows:
(2) P/A=1/2 ρc^3 Г ( (k+3)/k)
Wind energy density expresses the wind power density for a given time period T.The wind energy density for a definite site and in a given time period (one month or one year) (T) can be calculated as:
(3) E/A=1/2 ρc^3 Г ((k+3)/k) T
Results and Discussion
In this study, wind speed data collected in Parsabad, Iran, over a ten-year period (2005-2015) are analyzed, and the Weibull distribution parameters c and k, average wind speed, and average wind power and wind energy densities are determined.
According to Table 1, the minimum and maximum standard deviations of the average monthly indicators during 11 years in November and July are 0.63 and 2.51, respectively, and the minimum and maximum wind speeds of the average monthly indicators during 11 years in November and June are 2.09 ms^-1 and 4.87 ms^-1, respectively. The average annual Weibull scale parameter (c) is 3.84 while the average annual Weibull shape parameter (k) is 2.61. The average annual wind power density (P/A) during 11 years is 45 Wm^-2, while the average annual wind energy density (E/A) during 11 years is 389 kWhm^-2/year. Pars Abad in terms of generation potential of wind energy and based on quantitative classification for wind resource is located in weak to average region.

Conclusion
Pars Abad with an average wind power density of 45 Wm^-2 and average wind speed of 3.41 ms^-1 is not a good candidate for wind power plants and it is just suitable for off-grid electrical and mechanical applications such as charging batteries and pumping water for agricultural and livestock uses.

Keywords

Parsabad; Weibull Parameters; Wind energy; Wind energy density; Wind power density

References

1. Aghkhani, M. H., M. H. Abbaspour Fard, M. R. Bayati, H. Mortezapour, I. Saedi, and A. Moghimi. 2013. Evaluating the performance of a solar drier equipped with a closed air circulation system and moisture absorbent shield. Journal of Agricultural Machinery 3 (2): 92-113. (In Farsi).

2. Alamdari, P., O. Nematollahi, and M. Mirhosseini. 2012. Assessment of wind energy in Iran: a review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy 16: 836-60.

3. Alamdari, P., O. Nematollahi, M. Mirhosseini, and A. A. Alam Rajabi. 2011. Assessment of wind energy potential to construct the wind-electric farms in province of Ardabil. Proceeding of the 1th International Conference on Emerging Trends in Energy Conservation – ETEC Tehran, Iran, 20-21 November.

4. Ambrosini, G., B. Benato, C. Garavaso, G.Botta, M. Cenerini, and D. Comand. 1992. Wind energy potential in Emilia Romagna, Italy. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn 39: 211-220.

5. Biglari, M., E. A. Assareh, M. Nedaei, and I. Poltangari. 2014. Feasibility study and economic evaluation of wind energy in north of Khuzestan province: case study of shush-tar. Iranian Journal of Energy 17 (1): 91-111.

6. Chang, T. J., Y. T. Wu, H. Y. Hsu, C. R. Chu, and C. M. Liao. 2003. Assessment of wind characteristics and wind turbine characteristics in Taiwan. Renewable Energy 28: 851-871.

7. Chaparzadeh Feseqandis, R. 1999. Feasibility of applying wind turbine for achieving sustainable development. 2th national conference of energy. Tehran, Iran.

8. Fazelpour, F., N. Soltani, and M. A. Rosen. 2014. Wind resource assessment and wind power potential for the city of Ardabil, Iran. International Journal of Environ Eng. 6: 431-438.

9. Iranian Renewable Energy Organization (SUNA) Tehran, Iran.

10. http://www.suna.org.ir/fa/wind/statistics. Accessed 24 Feb 2016.

11. Iranian Meteorological Organization. http://www.irimo.ir. Accessed 01 Feb 2017.

12. Jahangiri, M., A. Abdollahi, A. Sedaghati, and M. Saghafian. 2011. Assessing the wind energy potential locations in province of Qazvin in Iran, Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Emerging Trends in Energy Conservation – ETEC Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

13. Jalalvand, M., H. Bakhoda, and M. Almasi. 2014. Potential assessment of the possibility of wind energy usage for electric agricultural pumps in the region of Boroujerd. Journal of Agricultural Machinery 4 (2): 368-377. (In Farsi).

14. Jaramillo, O. A., R. Saldana, and U. Miranda. 2004. Wind power potential of Baja California Sur, Mexico. Renewable Energy 29: 2087-2110.

15. Keyhani Nasab, F., T. Mesri Gundoshmian, Sh. Zargar Ershadi, and S. H. Peyman. 2016. Potential assessment of wind power in Pars Abad, Iran. The 11th National Congress on Biosystem Engineering. Mashhad, Iran.

16. Mirhosseini, M., F. Sharifi, and A. Sedaghat. 2011. Assessing the wind energy potential location in province of Semnan in Iran. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Rev. 15: 449-59.

17. Mojarrad, F., and S. H. Hemmati. 2013. Assessing the wind energy capabilities in provinces of Kermanshah and Kordestan. Journal of Applied Researches of Geographical Sciences 13: 137-157.

18. Mostafaeipour, A., A. Sedaghat, A. A. Dehghan-Niri, and V. Kalantari. 2011. Wind energy feasibility study for city of Shahrebabak in Iran. Renewable and Sustainable Energy 15: 2545-2556.

19. Mostafaeipour, A., M. Jadidi, K. Mohammadi, and A. Sedaghat. 2014. An analysis of wind energy potential and economic evaluation in Zahedan, Iran. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Rev. 30: 641- 650.

20. Ouammi, A., H. Dagdougui, R. Sacile, and A. Mimet. 2011. Monthly and seasonal assessment of wind energy characteristics at four monitored locations in Liguria region (Italy). Renewable and Sustainable Energy Rev. 14: 1959-1968.

21. Saeidi, D., M. Mirhosseini, A. Sedaghat, and A. Mostafaeipour. 2011. Feasibility study of wind energy potential in two provinces of Iran: North and South Khorasan. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 15: 3558-3569.

22. Sharif-Moghaddasi, M. 2009. Wind Energy in Iran. As. J. Energy Env, 6: 202-205.