ژئوشیمی، سیالات درگیر و ایزوتوپ های گوگرد در کانی سازی طلای نوع برش هیدروترمالی، منطقه خونیک، استان خراسان جنوبی

زمین شناسی اقتصادی

مقاله 6، دوره 11، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 22، 1398، صفحه 473-495   

نوع مقاله: علمی- پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/econg.v11i3.71480

نویسندگان

سمیه سمیعی^{* 1}؛ مجید قادری²؛ صدیقه زیرجانی زاده³

¹دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

²دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

³مجتمع آموزش عالی گناباد

چکیده

منطقه اکتشافی خونیک در 106 کیلومتری جنوب شهرستان بیرجند در استان خراسان جنوبی واقع‌شده است. کانی­‌سازی خونیک از نوع طلای مرتبط با برش هیدروترمالی است. این کانی­‌سازی در ارتباط با توده‌­های نیمه­‌عمیق گرانیتوئیدی به سن 4/38 میلیون سال است. زون‌های دگرسانی رخنمون‌یافته در این منطقه در ارتباط با توده­‌های نیمه‌عمیق هستند و شامل دگرسانی­‌های پروپیلیتیک، آرژیلیک، برش هیدروترمال و کربناته است. کانی­‌سازی در بخش مرکزی منطقه و به‌صورت پراکنده، رگچه‌­ای و برش هیدروترمالی رخنمون دارد و در ارتباط با توده­‌های نیمه­‌عمیق ائوسن است. بخش مهمی از کانی­‌سازی در زون برش هیدروترمالی قرار دارد. بر اساس داده‌­های ژئوشیمی برداشت‌شده از گمانه­‌های حفاری، میزان عنصر طلا از 300 تا 4280 میلی­‌گرم بر تن تغییر می­‌کند و بیشترین میزان پراکندگی آن با توده­‌های نیمه‌عمیق به‌شدت دگرسان‌شده با کوارتز+‌سریسیت+‌پیریت‌±‌‌تورمالین و زون برش هیدروترمالی انطباق دارد. برش هیدروترمالی به‌طور کلی از نوع موزائیکی تا رابل است. بر اساس کانی­‌شناسی سیمان نیز دو نوع برش با سیمان کربناتی و سیمان کربنات-‌کوارتز مشاهده شد. دماسنجی بر روی سیالات درگیر اولیه دوفازی (L+V) موجود در سیمان زون برشی بیانگر تشکیل این نوع کانی­‌سازی در دمای حدود 300 تا 430 درجه سانتی‌گراد از سیالی با شوری متوسط (2 تا 12 درصد وزنی معادل نمک طعام) است. مقدار متوسط δ34S برای قطعات و سیمان برش هیدروترمالی به‌ترتیب 4/2 – و ‰ 9/0 است که نشان‌دهنده منشائی ماگمایی برای گوگرد در مرحله قبل و بعد از برشی‌شدن است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

کانی سازی؛ سیالات درگیر؛ برش هیدروترمال؛ خونیک؛ بلوک لوت

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