زمین شناسی و خاستگاه کانه زایی مس در کانسار دهنه، شمال خاور زنجان

زمین شناسی اقتصادی

مقاله 7، دوره 11، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 22، 1398، صفحه 497-524   

نوع مقاله: علمی- پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/econg.v11i3.71939

نویسندگان

معصومه محمدی¹؛ قاسم نباتیان^{* 1}؛ مریم هنرمند²؛ محمد ابراهیمی¹

¹دانشگاه زنجان

²دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی علوم پایه زنجان

چکیده

کانسار مس دهنه در فاصله 84 کیلومتری شمال­‌خاور زنجان، در پهنه­ البرز باختری-‌آذربایجان و زیرپهنه­­ طارم قرارگرفته است. سنگ­‌های رخنمون‌­یافته در منطقه دهنه، مجموعه‌ا­ی از سنگ­‌های ­آتشفشانی و آتشفشانی-‌رسوبی ائوسن (معادل سازند کرج) شامل واحدهای توف­ و گدازه‌های بازالت پورفیری و بازالت آمیگدالوئیدال هستند. بررسی‌های ژئوشیمیایی نشان می­‌دهد که سنگ­‌های آتشفشانی منطقه دهنه دارای ترکیب بازالتی با ماهیت شوشونیتی بوده و در محیط­ زمین‌ساختی مرتبط با فرورانش تشکیل شده‌­اند. کانه‌­زایی مس در منطقه دهنه به‌صورت رگه-‌رگچه­‌ای در درون واحدهای گدازه­ بازالتی رخ‌­داده است. بر اساس بررسی‌های میکروسکوپی انجام‌شده، کانه­‌های موجود در منطقه مورد بررسی شامل مس­­ طبیعی، نقره طبیعی، کوپریت و به مقدار کمتر مالاکیت و ­آزوریت است. عمده­‌ترین دگرسانی­‌های موجود در این منطقه شامل کربناتی­، کلریتی-‌اپیدوتی، سریسیتی و زئولیتی است. بافت کانه‌ها شامل رگه­-‌رگچه­‌ای، پرکننده فضای­‌ خالی، بازماندی (جزیره‌­ای) و جانشینی است. بررسی‌های انجام‌شده در محدوده دهنه نشان می­‌دهد که فرایند دیاژنز و دگرگونی تدفینی در توالی آتشفشانی میزبان­ کانه­‌زایی، سبب ایجاد سیال­‌های نسبتاً داغ شده است که با چرخش این سیالات، مس و نقره از سنگ­‌های آتشفشانی و آتشفشانی-‌رسوبی ائوسن شسته‌شده و تحت‌ شرایط اکسیدی در واحد­های ­بازالتی ته‌­نشست شده‌­اند. در ادامه و در اثر فرایندهای سوپرژن و هوازدگی، کانی­‌های معدنی اولیه (مس طبیعی) به کانی­‌های ثانویه از جمله کوپریت، مالاکیت و آزوریت تبدیل شده‌اند. با توجه به نوع سنگ­ میزبان، کانی‌­شناسی و دگرسانی می­‌توان اظهار داشت که کانه‌­زایی مس در کانسار دهنه شباهت زیادی با کانسارهای مس مرتبط با سنگ­‌های بازالتی (نوع میشیگان) دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

سازند قرمز بالایی؛ کانسار مس با میزبان رسوبی؛ تیپ Redbed؛ اورتاسو؛ زنجان؛ ایران مرکزی

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