بررسی منشأ و تحولات سیال کانسار‌ساز با استفاده از ایزوتوپ پایدار گوگرد و مطالعه ژئوشیمیایی عناصر نادر خاکی در کانسار اسکارن مس-آهن‌–‌طلای مزرعه‌، شمال اهر

زمین شناسی اقتصادی

مقاله 1، دوره 12، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 24، 1399، صفحه 1-21   

نوع مقاله: علمی- پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/econg.v12i1.73242

نویسندگان

مهدی غارسی^* ؛ محمد یزدی؛ ایرج رساء

دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

چکیده

کانسار مس-‌آهن-‌طلای مزرعه از کانسارهای مهم اسکارن واقع در کمربند فلززایی اهر-‌ارسباران است که بر اثر تزریق توده گرانیتوئیدی الیگو-‌میوسن شیورداغ به داخل مجموعه آواری، کربناته قدیمی‌تر و به شکل اسکارن گارنت‌-‌اپیدوت‌دار ایجاد‌شده است. قسمت عمده کانه‌زایی شامل مگنتیت، کالکوپیریت و بورنیت و سولفوسالت‌های بیسموت و نقره، در مرحله اسکارن پس‌رونده تشکیل‌شده است. الگوی پراکندگی عناصر فرعی در زون کانه‌زایی، نشان‌دهنده تهی‌شدگی از HFSE و غنی‌شدگی از LILE است و همچنین نمودار پراکندگی عناصر نادر خاکی که با شیبی ملایم از مقادیرLREE  به سمتHREE  کاهش می‌یابد، نشان‌دهنده تأثیر سیالات با منشأ آب‌های جوی بر فرایند کانه‌زایی است. مقادیر ΣREE و La/Y با دور‌شدن از توده نفوذی کاهش‌یافته است و مقادیر *Eu/Eu به عدد یک نزدیک می‌شوند که این امر نشان‌دهنده وجود شرایط اسیدی-‌احیایی در مناطق نزدیک‌تر به توده نفوذی و بازی‌-‌اکسیدان در مناطق دورتر از توده نفوذی در زون اگزو اسکارن است. بر این اساس هم سیالات با منشأ ماگمایی و هم آب‌های جوی در تکوین نهایی سیال کانه‌زا در اسکارن مزرعه تأثیر داشته‌اند. آب‌های با منشأ ماگمایی در مناطق نزدیک‌تر به توده نفوذی تأثیر‌گذار بوده‌اند؛ اما در مناطق دورتر از توده نفوذی زون اگزو اسکارن تأثیر آب‌های جوی بر سیال کانه‌زا طی مرحله دگرسانی پس‌‌رونده بارزتر بوده است. مقادیر اندازه‌گیری شده ایزوتوپ گوگرد در نمونه‌های پیریت و کالکوپیریت بیانگر منشأ ماگمایی گوگرد در کانی های سولفیدی است. دما‌سنجی ایزوتوپی دمای کانه‌زایی در مرحله دگرسانی پس‌رونده را 369 درجه نشان می دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

سیال کانه زا؛ عناصر نادر خاکی؛ ایزوتوپ گوگرد؛ اسکارن؛ اسکارن مزرعه؛ منطقه فلززایی اهر - ارسباران

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