اثر کودهای بیولوژیک و شیمیایی نیتروژنه بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ارقام اصلاح‌شده نخود زراعی در شرایط دیم

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

مقاله 4، دوره 10، شماره 2، اسفند 1398، صفحه 49-61   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijpr.v10i2.59163

نویسندگان

سید حسین صباغ پور^{* 1}؛ ابوالفضل شریفی²؛ داوود ارادتمند اصلی³

¹مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی همدان

²دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد زراعت دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ساوه

³دانشگاه پیام نور، دانشکده کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مصرف بی‌رویه کودهای شیمیایی به منظور افزایش تولیدات کشاورزی به ویژه در بخش زراعی، موجب بروز صدمات زیست‌محیطی و اختلال در حاصلخیزی خاک می‌شود. این تحقیق به منظور بررسی تأثیر کودهای بیولوژیک و شیمیایی نیتروژنه بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ارقام اصلاح‌شده نخود در شرایط دیم در ایستگاه اکباتان مرکز تحقیقات، آموزش کشاورزی و منابع‌ طبیعی همدان به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار با پنج تیمار کودی (شاهد، سوپرنیتروپلاس، نیتروکسین، ریزوچک و کود شیمیایی نیتروژن با منشأ اوره) و سه رقم اصلاح‌شده (آزاد، هاشم و آرمان) در سال زراعی92-1391 اجرا شد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که تیمار کودی تأثیر معنی‌داری در سطح 1درصد بر شاخص برداشت و عملکرد دانه داشت. ارقام از نظر تعداد روز تا 50درصد گل‌دهی، شاخص سطح برگ، شاخص برداشت، تعداد دانه در غلاف و عملکرد دانه اختلاف معنی‌دار آماری داشتند. اثرات متقابل کود×رقم صفات مورد بررسی معنی‌دار نشد. بیشترین عملکرد دانه با تلقیح بذور نخود با کود زیستی ریزوچک حاصل گردید و استفاده از این کود زیستی به ترتیب موجب افزایش 39 و 26‌درصدی شاخص برداشت و عملکرد دانه نسبت به تیمار شاهد شد. رقم آزاد 58 و 116‌درصد از شاخص سطح برگ بیشتری نسبت به ارقام آرمان و هاشم برخوردار بود. همچنین نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد دانه مربوط به رقم آزاد بود که 44 و 133‌درصد به ترتیب بیش از ارقام آرمان و هاشم تولید داشت. لذا با استفاده از رقم آزاد و تلقیح بذور آن با کود زیستی ریزوچک، علاوه بر افزایش عملکرد، مصرف کودهای شیمیایی در نخود کاهش خواهد یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

ریزوچک؛ سوپرنیتروپلاس؛ نیتروکسین؛ نخود

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