پاسخ عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد شش ژنوتیپ‌ لوبیاچیتی (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) به مایه‌زنی با ریزوبیوم

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

مقاله 10، دوره 10، شماره 2، اسفند 1398، صفحه 132-148   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijpr.v10i2.70590

نویسندگان

هادی خاوری^* ؛ قدرت اله شاکرمی

آزاد اسلامی واحد خرم آباد

چکیده

کاربرد کودهای زیستی در جهت بهینه­سازی مصرف کودهای شیمیایی، مدیریت عناصر غذایی خاک و تولید پایدار محصولات در نظام­های زراعی، اهمیت ویژه­ای دارد. در این راستا آزمایشی با هدف بررسی اثر ریزوبیوم بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ژنوتیپ‌های لوبیاچیتی، به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی1396 در منطقه بیران­شهر لرستان اجرا شد. عوامل شامل مایه­زنی با باکتری همزیست لوبیا (Rhizobium phaseoli Rb-133) در دو سطح (مایه­زنی و عدم مایه­زنی) و ژنوتیپ­های لوبیاچیتی شامل (غفار، صدری، تلاش، لاینcos16، محلی­ خمین و کوشا) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که اثر ریزوبیوم و ژنوتیپ، تعداد دانه در غلاف را و برهمکنش ریزوبیوم و ژنوتیپ، تعداد غلاف در بوته، تعداد دانه در بوته، وزن100دانه، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد زیست­توده و شاخص برداشت ژنوتیپ­های لوبیاچیتی را به­طور معنی­داری افزایش داد. مایه­زنی با ریزوبیوم عملکرد دانه ژنوتیپ­های غفار، صدری، تلاش، لاینcos16، محلی‌خمین و کوشا را به‌ترتیب 7/13، 2/37، 0/23، 9/20، 3/55 و 4/31 درصد نسبت به شاهد افزایش داد. بیشترین عملکرد دانه در تیمار اثر توأم مایه­زنی با ریزوبیوم در رقم صدری (3485‌کیلوگرم در هکتار) به­دست آمد. این تیمار نسبت به تیمار توأم مایه­زنی در رقم غفار، تلاش، لاینcos16، محلی­خمین و کوشا به‌ترتیب 4/87، 6/14، 6/21، 8/27 و 7/22 درصد برتری داشت. یافته­ها نشان داد که مایه­زنی با ریزوبیوم، دارای اثر افزایشی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ژنوتیپ­های لوبیاچیتی است و می­توان در جهت تولید پایدار این محصول، عملکرد دانه را تا حد مطلوبی افزایش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

واژه گان کلیدی: بهینه سازی؛ تولید پایدار؛ کودهای زیستی؛ کودهای شیمیایی؛ لوبیا چیتی

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