بررسی خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی لوبیا (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) در پاسخ به مالچ ضایعات چای و کنترل علف‌های‌هرز

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

مقاله 2، دوره 12، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 23، خرداد 1400، صفحه 26-40   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijpr.v12i1.80185

نویسندگان

مجید قنبری¹؛ علی مختصی بیدگلی^{* 1}؛ پرنیان طالبی سیه سران²؛ سید رامین حسینی²

¹گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

²دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش به­منظور بررسی تأثیر مالچ ضایعات چای و کنترل علف­های‌هرز بر خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی لوبیا، به‌صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های­ کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس در سال زراعی 96-1395 اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل پنج زمان کنترل علف­هرز از طریق وجین دستی شامل شاهد (بدون کنترل علف‌هرز) و کنترل علف‌هرز هر یک، دو، چهار و شش هفته یک‌بار پس از سبزشدن لوبیا و سه مقدار مالچ ضایعات چای شامل صفر، پنج و 10 تن در هکتار در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر کنترل علف‌هرز و مالچ ضایعات چای بر کلیه صفات اندازه­گیری‌شده معنی­دار بود. همچنین، برهمکنش دوگانه این تیمارها از نظر صفات کربوهیدرات محلول، نشاسته، تعداد غلاف در بوته لوبیا و وزن خشک علف‌هرز معنی­دار بود. با کاربرد پنج و 10 تن مالچ ضایعات چای در هکتار، به­ترتیب 59/35 و 90/55 درصد از وزن خشک علف‌هرز کاسته شد. با کنترل علف‌هرز هر هفته یک‌بار پس از سبزشدن لوبیا و کاربرد پنج و 10 تن مالچ ضایعات چای در هکتار، به­ترتیب 48/45 و 12/74 درصد از وزن خشک علف‌هرز کاسته شد. به­طور کلی، با توجه به کاهش وزن خشک علف‌های‌هرز و نشاسته و افزایش کربوهیدرات محلول در شرایط کنترل علف‌هرز هر دو هفته یک‌بار پس از سبزشدن لوبیا و 10 تن در هکتار مالچ ضایعات چای، استفاده از 10 تن مالچ ضایعات چای همراه با کنترل علف‌هرز هر دو هفته یک‌بار پس از سبزشدن در مزارع لوبیا توصیه می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

توده بومی؛ خاکپوش؛ دگرآسیبی؛ عملکرد دانه؛ وجین

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