تعیین مؤلفه‌های حکمرانی در حوزه‌های اقتصادی، سیاسی، اجتماعی و محیط‌زیست در بخش کشاورزی ایران

اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی

مقاله 2، دوره 33، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 44، تیر 1398، صفحه 125-149   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jead2.v0i0.78364

نویسندگان

مرضیه رونقی؛ محمدرضا کهنسال^* ؛ محمد قربانی

دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

حکمرانی خوب مجموعه‌ای از هنجارها و ارزش‌هاست و این یک عامل مهم برای توسعه کشور محسوب می‌شود. با توجه به آن که بخش کشاورزی نقش مهمی را در زندگی مردم دارد اما سهم آن در توسعه کاهش یافته است. در این تحقیق ابتدا از روش فرا ترکیب4 برای یافتن عوامل مهم حکمرانی کشاورزی در سطح جهانی استفاده شد. از کارشناسان متخصص کشاورزی برای رتبه‌بندی متغیرها در سطح جهانی با استفاده از روش آنتروپی شانون استفاده شد. همچنین برای یافتن مؤلفه‌های حکمرانی کشاورزی در ایران از تکنیک دلفی برای پر کردن پرسشنامه‌ها و ماتریس مقایسه دوجانبه در بین خبرگان ایرانی استفاده شد و در انتها روش فازی برای وزن‌دهی و مقایسه متغیرها در سطح جهانی و ایران بکار گرفته شد. مطابق با یافته‌های مدل فرا ترکیب متغیرهای (سیاست بین‌المللی، مشارکت گروهی و شرکت‌های تعاونی، رعایت استانداردها) بیشترین اهمیت و رتبه را دارند. در حالی‌که، با استفاده از تجزیه و تحلیل فازی متغیرهای (اشتغال کشاورزی، مشارکت گروهی و شرکت‌های تعاونی) بیشترین اهمیت را در حوزه سیاسی، اجتماعی و محیطی و متغیرهای (افزایش تولید و بازارهای مالی و سرمایه) بیشترین اهمیت را در حوزه اقتصادی در کشاورزی ایران دارند. متغیر (مشارکت گروهی و شرکت‌های تعاونی) در هر دو روش مشترک می‌باشد. مهم‌ترین پیشنهاد این پژوهش آن است که اجرای حکمرانی کشاورزی باید در آینده ادامه یابد، و با رویکردی وسیع‌تر، با استفاده از روش‌ها و مدل‌های ویژه، کل بخش کشاورزی را در بر گیرد. همچنین مطابق با یافته‌های پژوهش، مشارکت گروهی در کل فرایند تخصیص، صرف هزینه و نظارت بر منابع عمومی می‌تواند به تولید نتایج قابل توجه عملیاتی (بهبود عملکرد، معرفی اقدامات اصلاحی) و نتایج فرآیندی (تغییرات سازمانی، رفتاری و ارتباطی) کمک کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

حکمرانی کشاورزی؛ مشارکت گروهی؛ فراترکیب؛ فازی

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