مقایسه قابلیت هضم، تخمیر و جمعیت پروتوزوآی شکمبه، در بزهای نجدی تغذیه شده با سرشاخه کامل برهان یا علوفه یونجه

پژوهشهای علوم دامی ایران

مقاله 2، دوره 9، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 29، فروردین 1396، صفحه 12-23   

نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی - تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijasr.v9i1.52162

نویسندگان

لیلا بابادی؛ مرتضی چاجی^* ؛ طاهره محمدآبادی

دانشکده علوم دامـی و صـنایع غـذایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، خوزستان، ایران.

چکیده

هدف از آزمایش حاضر، مقایسه ارزش تغذیهای سرشاخه کامل درخت برهان و علوفه یونجه خالص در بزهای نجدی بود. مصرف خوراک، قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی، جمعیت پروتوزوآ و فراسنجه‌های تخمیری شکمبه‌ای و خونی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. در این آزمایش شش رأس بز نجدی با میانگین وزن ۲/۲±۳۱ کیلوگرم در قالب طرح کاملأ تصادفی مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل دو جیره خالص شامل شاخه کامل درخت برهان یا علوفه یونجه بودند. تجزیه شیمیایی گیاه برهان نشان داد که پروتئین و چربی خام آن بالاتر از علوفه یونجه اما الیاف نامحلول در شوینده اسیدی (ADF) آن کمتر بود. اثر جیره‌های آزمایشی بر مصرف ماده خشک بزها معنی‌دار بود و برای جیره‌های خالص حاوی علوفه یونجه و برهان، به ترتیب 1326 و 1682 گرم در روز بود. استفاده از برهان در جیره بزها موجب افزایش معنی‌دار مصرف ماده خشک شد، اما بر قابلیت هضم ظاهری مواد مغذی تاثیری نداشت. غلظت نیتروژن آمونیاکی و pH مایع شکمبه در جیره حاوی برهان نسبت به علوفه یونجه به طور معنی‌داری کمتر بود. غلظت گلوکز و کلسترول خون تحت تأثیر جیره‌های آزمایش قرار نگرفت، اما تغذیه برهان باعث کاهش غلظت نیتروژن اوره‌ای خون شد. تغذیه برهان باعث کاهش معنی‌دار جمعیت پروتوزوآی شکمبه بزها شد. بنابراین، نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان داد که مصرف و قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی در بزها تغذیه شده با گیاه کامل برهان تفاوتی با علوفه یونجه نداشت و اثر منفی بر فراسنجه‌های شکمبه‌ای و خونی مشاهده نشد، لذا شاید بتوان از آن در جیره بزهایی که در طبیعت به آن دسترسی دارند استفاده نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

پروتئین‌خام؛ تانن؛ ساپونین؛ غلاف و برگ؛ فراسنجه‌های خونی؛ کلسترول؛ مصرف ماده خشک

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