اثر منبع و مقدار نشاسته در جیره دوره انتقال بر تولید و ترکیب شیر و فراسنجه‌های خونی تلیسه‌های هلشتاین

پژوهشهای علوم دامی ایران

مقاله 7، دوره 9، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 30، تیر 1396، صفحه 170-184   

نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی - تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijasr.v9i2.57186

نویسندگان

حمیدرضا میرزایی الموتی^* ؛ پدرام پناهی ها

گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

چکیده

به منظور مطالعه اثرات منبع نشاسته در جیره پیش از زایش و مقدار نشاسته در جیره پس از زایش، از چهل رأس تلیسه هلشتاین آبستن نزدیک به زایش (kg BW 80±600) استفاده شد. تلیسه‌ها در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با آرایش فاکتوریل 2×2 به مدت 3±24 روز در پیش از زایش با جیره حاوی 7/17 درصد نشاسته از منبع جو یا ذرت و در دوره پس از زایش تا 28 روز با جیره دارای 7/24 یا 7/17 درصد نشاسته تغذیه شدند و پس از آن با جیره یکسان تغذیه شدند. در 4 هفته اول پس از زایش تولید روزانه و ترکیب هفتگی شیر اندازه گیری شد و پس از آن تا 270 روزگی تولید و ترکیب شیر به صورت ماهانه ثبت شد. خون‌گیری در روزهای 24-، 1+ و 21+ از زایش در پیش از خوراک‌دهی صبحگاهی انجام شد. اثر متقابل جیره‌ها در تولید شیر، مقدار لاکتوز و کل مواد جامد شیر در پس از زایش و تولید شیر در کل دوره تمایل به معنی‌داری داشت. در پیش از زایش، جیره بر پایه ذرت با غلظت بالاتری از تری گلسیرید و کلسترول پلاسمایی و در پس از زایش با اسید‌های چرب غیر استریفه بالاتری همراه بود. در پس از زایش جیره با نشاسته بالاتر غلظت پروتئین کل و آلکالین فسفاتاز پلاسمایی را افزایش و غلظت بتا هیدروکسی بوتیرات پلاسمایی را کاهش داد. به نظر می‌رسد، اثر سطح نشاسته در جیره پس از زایش بر تولید و سلامت تلیسه‌ها می‌تواند با مقدار تخمیر پذیری نشاسته در جیره پیش از زایش مرتبط باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تلیسه؛ تولید شیر؛ دوره انتقال؛ نشاسته

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