اجزای ترکیبات فنولی غلاف نخود سبز (.Pisum sativum L) و اثرات آنها بر قابلیت هضم شکمبه‌ای و تولید گاز تحت شرایط آزمایشگاهی

پژوهشهای علوم دامی ایران

مقاله 2، دوره 9، شماره 3، بهمن 1396، صفحه 284-299   

نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی - تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijasr.v9i3.59008

نویسندگان

جمال سیف دواتی^{* 1}؛ زهرا اسلامی²؛ حسین عبدی بنمار²؛ فرزاد میرزایی آقجه قشلاق²؛ رضا سید شریفی²

¹گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقـق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

²گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

هدف آزمایش حاضر برآورد کمی اثر تانن و ترکیبات فنولی غلاف نخود سبز (.Pisum sativum L) بر قابلیت هضم شکمبه‌ای با روش‌های آزمایشگاهی بود. در این بررسی از ترکیب پلی اتیلن گلیکول (PEG) عامل غیر فعال و کمپلکس کننده تانن و ترکیبات فنولی به صورت افزودنی در سطوح توصیه شده استفاده شد. داده‌های حاصل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. ترکیبات شیمیایی غلاف نخود سبز شامل ماده خشک، پروتئین خام، چربی خام، ماده‌ آلی، خاکستر خام، الیاف نا محلول در شوینده‌‌ خنثی NDF)) و الیاف نا محلول در شوینده‌‌ اسیدی ((ADF به ترتیب 53/87، 03/10، 5/2، 49/79، 046/8، 31/40 و 69/23 درصد اندازه‌گیری شدند. فنل کل همراه با تانن، فنل کل بدون تانن، تانن کل و تانن متراکم به ترتیب 502/0 ،196/0، 306/0 و 044/0 بر حسب گرم در کیلو‌گرم ماده خشک به دست آمد. قابلیت هضم ماده خشک، ماده آلی، ماده آلی در ماده خشک (درصد) و انرژی قابل متابولیسم (مگاژول بر کیلو‌گرم) در غلاف نخود سبز به ترتیب 06/81، 46/80، 98/73 و 61/11 بود. پس از انکوباسیون نمونه خشک غلاف نخود سبز مقادیر تولید گاز در زمان‌های 2، 4، 8، 12، 24، 48، 72 و 96 ساعت، میزان گاز بخش نا محلول اما قابل تخمیر گروه کنترل (16/75 میلی‌لیتر) در مقایسه با سایر تیمارها مشابه بوده و بین آنها تفاوت معنی‌دار نبود. همچنین ثابت نرخ تولید گاز در گروه کنترل (086/0) برابر و بدون اختلاف معنی‌دار با تیمار حاوی 200 میلی‌‌گرم PEG و تیمارهای حاوی 400 میلی‌گرم PEG (082/0) و600 میلی‌گرم PEG (079/0) بود. گاز تولیدی از بخش نا محلول اما قابل تخمیر (b) در غلاف نخود سبز با سطوح افزایشی PEG مشابه با گروه کنترل (85/73 میلی‌لیتر) بود. در اثر عمل‌آوری و مکمل‌سازی این خوراک با پلی اتیلن گلیکول در مقدار گاز حاصل از بخش محلول، بخش نا محلول و مجموع تولید گاز از بخش محلول و نا محلول در غلاف نخود سبز تفاوت معنی‌دار مشاهده نشد (p>0/05). با توجه به مقدار پروتئین خام غلاف نخود که حدود ۵۰ درصد پروتئین خام دانه نخود می‌باشد و مقادیر ترکیبات دیواره سلولی و پتانسیل تولید گاز آن در این تحقیق غلاف نخود سبز را می‌توان به‌عنوان منبع فیبر غیر علوفه‌ای و مواد خوراکی ارزان قیمت جایگزین بخشی از مواد خوراکی اصلی در جیره دام‌ها نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تانن؛ ترکیب شیمیایی؛ تولید گاز؛ غلاف نخود سبز؛ فیبر غیرعلوفه‌ای

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