تأثیر تداخل یولاف وحشی (Avena fatua) بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گندم در سیستان

پژوهش های حفاظت گیاهان ایران

مقاله 3، دوره 30، شماره 1، خرداد 1395، صفحه 14-21   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jpp.v30i1.24311

نویسندگان

پرویز یداللهی؛ محمدرضا اصغری پور^* ؛ احمد قنبری

دانشگاه زابل

چکیده

به منظور ارزیابی عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گندم نسبت به تغییر جمعیت یولاف وحشی، مطالعه مزرعه‌ای، با استفاده از طرح افزایشی به صورت طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دانشگاه زابل در سال 90-1391 اجرا گردید. عامل مورد مطالعه کشت خالص گندم و تراکم‌های مختلف یولاف وحشی در 7 سطح (صفر، 10، 20، 35، 70، 140، 280 و 350 بوته در متر مربع) بود. تراکم گندم 400 بوته در متر مربع در نظر گرفته شد. بیشترین عملکرد دانه و بیولوژیک در کشت خالص گندم به دست آمد. در شرایط تداخل یولاف نیز کمترین تراکم یولاف بیشترین عملکرد دانه گندم را تولید کرد و با افزایش تراکم یولاف عملکرد دانه و بیولوژیک به طور خطی و معنی داری کاهش یافت. کاهش عملکرد دانه و بیولوژیک در بالاترین تراکم یولاف به ترتیب 61 و 44 درصد بود. افزایش تراکم یولاف سبب افزایش ارتفاع بوته و کاهش تعداد برگ، طول سنبله، تعداد دانه در سنبله و وزن هزار دانه شد. همچنین افزایش تراکم یولاف منجر به کاهش نیتروژن دانه و افزایش جذب نور گردید. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که رساندن تراکم علف هرز یولاف به 35 بوته در متر مربع در مزارع گندم جهت بدست آوردن عملکرد مطلوب، می‌تواند موثر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

ارتفاع بوته؛ تراکم گیاهی؛ رقابت؛ کاهش عملکرد

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