تاثیر تنش خشکی بر کیفیت ظاهری، خصوصیات مرفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی 3 گونه چمن بومی

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 5، دوره 31، شماره 1، خرداد 1396، صفحه 216-225   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhorts4.v0i0.56264

نویسندگان

رامین مهدوی¹؛ مهدی پارسا^{* 1}؛ علی گزانچیان²؛ حمیدرضا خزاعی¹

¹دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

²مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی

چکیده

توسعه فضای سبز شهری و چمنکاری از جمله نیازهای بشر امروز است که عامل محدودکننده در این امر کمبود آب می‌باشد. این کمبود بر توسعه، کیفیت و انتخاب نوع پوشش گیاهی تاثیر مستقیم می‌گذارد. از اینرو آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی برای سنجش مقاومت گونه‌های چمن بومی و انتخاب گونه مناسب روی گونه‌های بومی Brumos tomentellus، Festuca rubra، F .arundinacea و رقم تجاری Super sport (شاهد) و سه سطح رطوبتی 85 درصد (شاهد)، 65 درصد و 45 درصد ظرفیت زراعی در مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی در شرایط گلخانه انجام گرفت. بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده بیشترین طول شاخساره در تنش خشکی 65 درصد ظرفیت زراعی در گونه F. arundinaceae و کمترین مقدار در چمن سوپر اسپورت، همچنین صفت عرض برگ بیشترین و کمترین مقدار در شرایط تنش به ترتیب در گونه B. tomentellus و چمن سوپر اسپورت مشاهده شد. گونه F. arundinaceae تحت شرایط تنش خشکی بهترین کیفیت ظاهری و بیشترین میزان کلروفیل a و کل را به خود اختصاص داد. تحت تنش خشکی کمترین نشت یونی (66/25 درصد) در گونه F.rubra، بیشترین مقدار محتوای آب نسبی در گونه F. arundinaceae (80/77 درصد)، بیشترین میزان پرولین برگ در گونه B. tomentellus و کمترین مقدار در چمن سوپر اسپورت مشاهده شد. با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده میتوان گفت گونه‌های چمن بومی در شرایط تنش خشکی عملکرد و کیفیت بهتری از چمن‌های وارداتی مانند سوپر اسپورت را دارا می‌باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

پرولین؛ تنش خشکی؛ چمن بومی؛ چمن وارداتی؛ نشت یونی

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