تأثیر مصرف ورمی‌کمپوست و عناصر کم‌مصرف بر کمیت و کیفیت علوفه گلرنگ (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 10، دوره 9، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 33، مهر 1396، صفحه 862-877   

نوع مقاله: علمی - پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jag.v9i3.56280

نویسندگان

علیرضا کریمی گوغری¹؛ محمدعلی بهدانی^{* 1}؛ محمد حسن فتحی²؛ سید وحید اسلامی³

¹گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.

²گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.

³گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.

چکیده

در مطالعه حاضر کمیت و کیفیت علوفه گلرنگ (Carthamus tinctorius L.) تحت تأثیر مصرف ورمی‌کمپوست و کودهای تکمیلی در دو منطقه در استان کرمان در سال زراعی 94-1393 ارزیابی شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل ترکیبی از دو سطح ورمی‌کمپوست (صفر و شش تن در هکتار) و 12 سطح کودهای تکمیلی (عدم کاربرد، گوگرد 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار، گوگرد 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار، روی با غلظت سه میلی‌لیتر در لیتر، بُر با غلظت دو میلی‌لیتر در لیتر، چهار ترکیب دوگانه و دو ترکیب سه‌گانه این سه عنصر) بود. نتایج نشان داد کاربرد ورمی‌کمپوست باعث افزایش عملکرد ماده خشک و مقادیر خاکستر، کلسیم و پروتئین خام شد، ولی تأثیر معنی‌داری بر چربی خام و فیبر نامحلول در شوینده اسیدی و شوینده خنثی نداشت. کاربرد شش تن در هکتار ورمی‌کمپوست با افزایش 2/37 درصدی عملکرد ماده خشک همراه بود. افزودن کودهای تکمیلی به‌ویژه در حالات ترکیبی با افزایش ماده خشک، خاکستر، کلسیم، پروتئین خام و چربی خام و کاهش فیبرهای نامحلول در شوینده اسیدی و خنثی باعث افزایش کیفیت علوفه گردید. مقدار ماده خشک بوته‌ها در تیمار بدون کاربرد کودهای تکمیلی 1/46 درصد کمتر از تیمار مصرف ترکیبی 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار گوگرد با روی و بُر بود. پاسخ بوته‌ها هم به ورمی‌کمپوست و هم به کودهای تکمیلی در کرمان بهتر از بردسیر بود. علاوه بر شرایط آب و هوایی، وضعیت بهتر خاک در مزرعه کرمان می‌تواند دلیل این تفاوت باشد. به‌طورکلی، در هر دو مکان، کاربرد ورمی‌کمپوست و کودهای تکمیلی اثر هم‌افزایی داشت، به‌طوری‌که بیشترین و بهترین علوفه در تیمارهای کاربرد ورمی‌کمپوست همراه با ترکیب سه‌گانه گوگرد، روی و بُر مشاهده شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

بُر؛ چربی خام؛ خاکستر؛ روی؛ گوگرد

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