اثر تنش آبی بر روند تغییرات پرولین، قندهای محلول، محتوای نسبی آب و پروتئین های محلول برگ دو گونه گل جعفری

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 4، دوره 31، شماره 2، شهریور 1396، صفحه 365-375   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhorts4.v0i0.53077

نویسندگان

سید موسی موسوی^* ؛ مهرانگیز چهرازی؛ اسماعیل خالقی

دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

تنش خشکی ﯾﮑﯽ از مهم‌ترین تنش‎های محیطی در بخش کشاورزی و مدیریت فضای سبز شهری به شمار می‎آید. تحقیقات گذشته در زمینه تنش آبی بیانگر اثرات منفی آن بر خصوصیات مرفولوژیکی، فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی گیاهان می‌باشد. بر این اساس، پژوهشی به‌منظور بررسی اثر سطوح مختلف کم‌آبی )100 به‌عنوان شاهد، 75 و 50 درصد پتانسیل تبخیر و تعرق (ETcrop)( بر روند تغییرات پرولین، قندهای محلول کل، محتوای آب نسبی و میزان پروتئین‌های محلول برگ در دو گونه گل جعفری (فرانسوی و آفریقایی) به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار به اجرا درآمد. نتایج نشان داد با افزایش سطوح کم‌آبی بر میزان پرولین و قندهای محلول کل برگ افزوده و روند تغییرات این صفات باگذشت زمان افزایش یافت، به‌طوری‌که در 43 روز پس از اعمال تیمار خشکی میزان پرولین برگ در تیمار آبیاری 50 درصد ETc ، در مقایسه با تیمارهای شاهد و تیمار آبیاری 75 درصد ETc به ترتیب 64/2 و 35/1 برابر افزایش یافت و بیشترین میزان پرولین برگ و قندهای محلول کل برگ مربوط به تیمار 50 درصدETc بود. همچنین نتایج نشان داد میزان پروتئین‌های محلول برگ و میزان محتوای نسبی آب برگ نیز با کم شدن سطح آبیاری کاهش یافت، به‌گونه‌ای که کمترین میزان محتوای نسبی آب برگ و میزان پروتئین‌های محلول برگ در تیمار 50 درصدETc مشاهده شد. به طور کلی به دلیل عدم معنادار بودن شاخص‎های اندازه گیری شده بین تیمار شاهد و 75 درصد ETc، می توان انتظار داشت که با کاهش 25 درصدی نیاز آبی گل جعفری در جهت مدیریت بهینه آب در فضای سبز گام برداشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آبیاری؛ پتانسیل تبخیر و تعرق؛ کم‌آبی

مراجع

1- Ahmadi A., and Sio-Se Mardeh A. 2004. The effect of water stress on soluble carbohydrates, chlorophyll and proline contents of four Iranian wheat cultivars under different moisture regims. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Science, 35(3): 753-763 (in Persian).

2- Araji A. 2003. Effects of drought stress on physiological, morphological and biochemical characteristics some olive varieties. Treatise Faculty of Agriculture. Tarbiat Modarres University, 213 p. (in Persian).

3- Arazmjo A., Heidari M., and Ghorbani A. 2010. The effect of water stress and three sources of fertilizers on flower yield, physiological parameters and nutrient uptake in chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 25(4):482-494 (in Persian).

4- Bacelar E. A., Santaos D. L., Moutinho-Pereira J. M., Lopes J. I., Goncalves B. C., Ferreira T. C., and Correia, C. M. 2007. Physiological behavior, oxidative damage and antioxidative protection of olive trees grown under different irrigation regimes. Plant and Soil, 292(1-2):1-2.

5- Bates L. s., Waldren R. P., and Treare I. D. 1973. Rapid determination of freproline for water stress studies. Plant and Soil, 39(1): 205-207.

6- Ben Ahmed C.B., Rouina B.B., Sensoy S., Boukhris M., and Abdallah FB. 2009. Changes in gas exchange, proline accumulation and antioxidative enzyme activities in three olive cultivars under contrasting water availability regimes. Environmental and experimental botany, 67(2):345-52.

7- Bewley j D., and Larsen K. M. 1982. Differences in the responses to water stress if growing and nongrowing regions of maize mesocotyls, protein synthesis on total, free and membrane bound polyribosome fractions. journal of Experimental Botany, 33(3):406-415.

8- Blum A. 1996. Crop responses to drought and the interpretation of adaptation. Plant Growth Regulation, 20(2): 135-148.

9- Boyer J. S. 1970. Leaf enlargement and metabolic rates in corn, soybean and sunflower at various leaf potentials. Plant Physiology, 46(2): 233-235.

10- Bradford M. M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantification of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72(1-2): 248-254.

11- Castrillo M., and Calcargo A. M. 1989. Effects of water stress and rewatering on ribolose-I, 5- bisphosphat carboxylase activity, and chlorophyll and protein contents in two cultivars of tomato. Journal of Horticultural sciences, 64(6):717-724.

12- Dasgupta J., and Bewley J. D. 1984.Variation in protein synthesis in different regions of greening leaves of barley seedlings and effects of imposed water stress. Journal of Experimental Botany, 35(10):1450-1459.

13- De Kankova K., Luxova M., Gasparikova O., and Kolarovic L. 2004. Response of Maize Plants to Water stress. Biologia, 13:151 - 155.

14- Ghasemi-Ghahsare M., and Kafi M. 2010. Scientific and practical potting. , Volume I, Tenth Edition, p. 55. (in Farsi).

15- Ghorbanly M., and Niakan M. 2005. Effects of drought Stress on the content of soluble sugars, protein, proline, compound of phenolic and nitrate reductase activity Gorgan 3 of Soybean. Journal of Tarbiat Moalem, 5: 537-549 (in Persian).

16- Hanson A. D., and Hitz W. D. 1982. Metabolic responses of mezophytes to plant water deficit. Annual Review of Plant Physiology. 33(1):163-203.

17- Hekmati j. 2011. Seasonal flowers (flowers outdoors). Iran Agricultural Science. (in Persian).

18- Hendry G. (1993). Evolutionary origins and natural functions of fructanc. New Phytologist,123:,3-14 (in Persian).

19- Iturriaga G., Gaff D.F., and Zentella R. 2000. New desiccation tolerant plants, including grass, in the central high– lands of Mexico, accumulate trehalose. Australian Journal of Botany, 48(2): 153–158.

20- Iuchi S., KobaYashi S., Yamaguchi–Shinozaki K., and Shinozaki K. 2000. A stress-inducible gene for 9-cisepoxycarotenoid dioxygenase involved in abscisic acid biosynthesis under water stress in drought–tolerant cowpea. Plant Physiology, 123(2): 553–562.

21- Kamali M., Goldani m., and Farzaneh A. 2012. The effect of that different irrigation levels on growth parameters and photosynthesis and hydrogen peroxide in Amaranthus tricolor. Journal of Soil and Water (Agricultural Science and Technology), 26:318-309. (in Persian).

22- Kameli A., and Losel D. M. 1995. Contribution of sugars and other solutes to osmotic adjustment in wheat leaves under water stress. Journal of Plant Physiology, 145(3): 366 - 367.

23- Khaleghi A., Arzani K., moalemi N., and Barzegar M. 2014. To study the Effect of kaolin on fluorescence and chlorophyll content Olive leaf seedlings (olea europaea L.) Journal of Plant Production .Journal of Agriculture, 37 (2): 139-127. (in Persian).

24- Khorshidi M., Rahimzadeh b., Yarhadi M., and Noormohammadi, GH. 2002. The Effects of drought stress on the growth of potato varieties. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 4(1): 59-48. (in Persian).

25- kuchaki A., Hosseini M., and Nasiri mahalati M. 1993. The relationship between water and land in crops (translation). published by Mashhad ACECR. 560 p. (in Persian).

26- Perez-Lopez U., Robredo A., Lacuesta M., Mena-Petite A., and Munoz-Rueda A. 2009. The impact of salt stress on the water status of barley plants is partially mitigated by elevated CO 2. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 66(3):463-70.

27- Lowlor D. W., Cornic G. (2002). Photosynthetic carbon assimilation and associated metabolism in relation to water deficits in higher plants. Plant Cell and Environment, 25(2): 275-294.

28- Mahmoud Nyamymnd M., Farsi M., Marashi H., and Ebadi P. 2012. Study the physiological responses to stress four species of tomato. Journal of Horticultural Science (Agricultural Science and Technology), 26(4): 416-409. (in Persian).

29- Martin M., Micell F., Morgan J. A., Scalet M., and Zerbi G. 1993. Synthesis of osmotically active substance in winter wheat leaves as related to drought resistance of different genotypes. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 171(3): 176 - 184.

30- Moaveni P. 2011. Effects of drought stress on antioxidant enzymes and proline in sorghum. Quarterly Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. (1):24-30. (in Persian).

31- Monakhova O. F., Chernyadev I. I. 2002. Protective role of kartolin-4 in wheat plants exposed to soil drought. Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology, 38(4): 373-380.

32- Niknam, V., Razavi, N., Ebrahimzadeh, H., and Sharifizadeh, B. 2006. Effect of NaCl on biomass, protein and proline contents and antioxidant enzymes in seedlings and calii of two Trigonella Species. Biologia Plantarum. 50 (4): 591-596.

33- Nilson E. T., and Orcutt D. M. 1996. Physiology of Plant under stress (Abiotic factors). Abiotic factors. Physiology of plants under stress. Abiotic factors. New York. Pp. 322-36.

34- Ouvrard O., Cellier F., Ferrare K., Tousch v., Lamaze T., Du J.M., and Casse-Delbart F. 1996. Identification and expression of water stress- and abscisc acid-regulated genes in a drought-tolerant sunflower genotype. Plant Molcular Biology, 31(4): 819-829.

35- Pagter M., Bragato C., and Brix H. 2005. Tolerance and physiological responses of phragmites australis to water deficit. Aquatic Botany, 81(4):285-299.

36- Rai V. K., Singh P.G., Thakur S., and Banyal S. 1983. Protein and amino acid relationship during water stress in relation to drought resistance. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 10: 161-167.

37- Ritchie S. W., Nguyen H. T., and Haloday A.S. 1990. Leaf water content and gas exchange parameters of two wheat genotype differing in drought resistance. Crop science, 30(1):105-111.

38- Shariat A. Asareh M. H. 2006. The effect of stress on the plant pigments, proline, soluble sugars and growth parameters Eucalyptus species. Research and development. 149: 78-139. (in Persian).

39- Sheligl H.Q. 1986. Die verwertung orgngischer souren durch chlorella lincht. Planta Journal,47-51

40- Valadabady S. A. A., Shiranirad H. and Farahani A. 2010. Effects of selenium on the eco-physiology of zeolite and drought resistance varieties of rapeseed plants. (in Persian).

41- Valentovic P., Luxova M., Kolarovic L., and Gasparikova O. 2006. Effect of osmotic stress on compatible solutes content, membrane stability and water relation in two maize cultivars. Plant Soil Environment journal, 52 (4): 186 – 191.