اثر کودهای سولفات آمونیوم و سولفات پتاسیم همراه با کود دامی بر شاخص های فیزیکوشیمیایی میوه و برگ خرما (.Phoenix dactylifera L) رقم مضافتی

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 4، دوره 31، شماره 3، آذر 1396، صفحه 457-468   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhorts4.v31i3.36474

نویسندگان

الیاس آریاکیا¹؛ حمیدرضا روستا^{* 2}؛ ناهید رحمی زاده³

¹مرکز ملی ذخایر ژنتیکی و زیستی ایران (IBRC) جهاد دانشگاهی (ACECR

²دانشگاه ولیعصر رفسنجان

³دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد جیرفت

چکیده

با توجه به نیاز تغذیه‌ای بالای درخت خرما (Phoenix dactylifera L.)، لازم است تا اثر کودهای پر مصرف بر شاخص‌های فیزیکوشیمیایی برگ و میوه آن مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. برای این منظور، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی شامل تیمار کودی سولفات آمونیوم و سولفات پتاسیم همراه با کود دامی به صورت چالکود در اسفند ماه و در منطقه بم اعمال گردید. نمونه‌برداری جهت آنالیز برگ و میوه، به ترتیب در خرداد ماه و برداشت محصول خرما انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد با توجه به تاثیر معنی‌دار عناصر نیتروژن، گوگرد و پتاسیم فراهم شده توسط کودهای مذکور بر شاخص‌های مورد نظر، بیشترین محتوای نیتروژن و آهن و رنگدانه‌های فتوسنتزی کاروتنویید و کلروفیل (a و کل) برگ و وزن میوه خرما به ترتیب از اثر متقابل کودهای سولفات آمونیوم و سولفات پتاسیم همراه با کود دامی، به دست آمد. بیشترین محتوای پتاسیم در برگ، TSS و نسبت TSS/TA در میوه، از تیمارهای سولفات آمونیوم (500 گرم) و سولفات پتاسیم (1500 گرم) همراه با کود دامی حاصل شد. بنابراین به منظور بهبود شاخص‌های فیزیکوشیمیایی برگ و میوه درخت خرما، ترکیب کودی سولفات آمونیوم و سولفات پتاسیم همراه با کود دامی توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

رنگدانه‌های فتوسنتزی؛ تغذیه؛ مواد معدنی؛ TSS

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